Factors Causing Gadget Addiction in Perspective Psychology: A Comprehensive Literature Review

The development of technology is considered to improve performance and enable various activities to be carried out quickly, precisely and accurately, so that it will ultimately increase community productivity, including in the process of social interaction in society. One of the products of information technology applications related to the fulfilment of the most developed needs at this time is gadgets. The purpose of this paper is to explain systematically the results of previous research related to this aspect. The aspect is the dynamics of psychological factors of addictive behaviour and how psychology has responded to the topic with interventions that have been carried out. The research material is taken from various scientific publications that discuss the topic. From the findings of several articles, the author found several factors that have a significant correlation to gadget addiction such as; loneliness, self-control, anxiety, boredom and peer influence. The author highlights critical concerns regarding the lack of attention given to the potential impact of gadget addiction. This issue became a topic of research after a global pandemic, where for almost three years worldwide activities including work and education have largely shifted to the virtual or online world. As gadget dependency is inevitable for approximately twelve hours per day, there has been an urgent need for a deeper understanding of the consequences of such dependency.