A Factor Analysis Approach to Exploring the Role of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions in Sustainable Water Management in Epe LGA, Nigeria

Water shortages and poor management techniques continue to pose challenges for communities across the world, particularly in developing countries such as Nigeria. This study is designed to investigate the community knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) in sustainable water practices in the Epe Local Government Area (LGA), Lagos State, Nigeria through the use of factor analysis in order to identify underlying variables driving water management behaviors. The study used a cross-sectional sampling method in the selection of respondents. With the aid of a structured questionnaire, data was collected from 200 respondents and subjected to both descriptive and inferential analysis. Using the Multiple Likelihood extraction method of Factor analysis, six components that impact water conservation behaviors; namely knowledge of conservation methods, motivation and value perception, demographic factors, household dynamics, government participation, and community leadership; were extracted. The findings also revealed that respondents had an understanding of basic water conservation technologies, such as rainwater harvesting and water storage, but had a low adoption of sophisticated methods. Also, the findings highlight the need for focused educational campaigns, policy interventions, and participatory governance in encouraging community adoption of sustainable water practices. The study concluded that government assistance and community leadership are crucial in promoting sustainable behaviors. The findings have practical implications for enhancing water sustainability in Epe and other comparable locations throughout the world.