Analysing the Attractiveness of Park and Ride Facilities that Influences Travel Behaviour and Mode Shift

Traffic congestion and pollution are problems in major urban areas due to the increased use of vehicles on the road. Reducing the number of private vehicles on the road requires a multifaceted approach, including providing efficient, reliable, and accessible public transport. Park and Ride (P&R) facilities support this approach by encouraging the public to use public transport by providing convenient parking facilities near transit hubs or major transportation routes. This paper aims to identify the determinants that influence the use of P&R facilities in considering various factors, including safety and security, availability, accessibility, and cost. 450 respondents were interviewed face to face using a structured questionnaire survey to user and non-user groups at three (3) major transit stations and their surrounding areas. The result has shown the attractiveness of P&R to the user group when it has good connectivity, easy to access, more parking spaces and within walkability distance from P&R and the platform. The feedback from the non-user groups indicated that P&R will be more attractive when the parking is free provided with assurance of the safety and security for customer and their vehicle, more information about P&R locations, clear road signage directions to P&R, and information about the cost and time saving when non user group shift mode from private to public transport.