Difficulties in the Process of Protecting the Brazilian Amazon Region

This study addresses deforestation in the Amazon as one of the greatest environmental challenges in Brazil and the world, highlighting its causes, impacts, and possible solutions. In addition to being an important climate regulator and one of the largest reservoirs of biodiversity on the planet, the Amazon faces a continuous process of degradation, driven by activities such as livestock farming, agriculture, and mining. The central problem lies in the difficulty of reconciling economic development and environmental preservation, aggravated by the fragility of public policies, land conflicts, and international pressures for commodities. Deforestation compromises both local sustainability and global climate balance, requiring an integrated and urgent response. The main objective of this study is to understand how public policies and historical and contemporary economic practices influence deforestation in the Amazon and impact the environment and local populations. The research adopts a qualitative approach and content analysis based on Bardin (1977), using bibliographic and documentary sources, including reports from INPE and IBAMA. The results show that deforestation is the result of agricultural expansion, mining and ineffective policies, and in addition to affecting biodiversity and the climate, it generates social and economic conflicts. Weak monitoring has worsened the situation, requiring integrated actions between governments, society and the international community to curb degradation and promote sustainability.