IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bcp/journl/v7y2023i5p275-283.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Seed Capital and Performance: Reflections and Way Forward for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya

Author

Listed:
  • Wanja Wangondu

    (School of Business, Economics and Tourism, Kenyatta University, Kenya)

  • Stephen M.A. Muathe

    (School of Business, Economics and Tourism, Kenyatta University, Kenya)

Abstract

The study aimed at investigating the effect of seed capital on performance of micro, small and medium enterprises by reviewing related extant conceptual, theoretical and extant empirical literature. The study underpinning theories were; resource-based view, pecking order theory and theory of asymmetric information. The study employed literature review methodology. Based on the review of empirical research, it was concluded that seed capital contributes into developing a particular financing environment; where MSMEs can obtain angel capital from angel investors as well as equity capital from shareholders and crowdfunding, at the seed stage. More so, seed capital has an effect on performance of MSMEs supporting studies that found a positive effect. The seed capital, MSME uses to start a business, commonly comes from angel investors, owners’ equity and crowdfunding. The paper recommends that MSMEs; first, need to obtain financing, obtain shared expertise and technical expertise from angel investors, should guarantee complete control through use of equity capital to preserve control and independence as they provide for reinvesting part of their profits.

Suggested Citation

  • Wanja Wangondu & Stephen M.A. Muathe, 2023. "Seed Capital and Performance: Reflections and Way Forward for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 7(5), pages 275-283, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:7:y:2023:i:5:p:275-283
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-7-issue-5/275-283.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/articles/seed-capital-and-performance-reflections-and-way-forward-for-micro-small-and-medium-enterprises-in-kenya/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Myers, Stewart C. & Majluf, Nicholas S., 1984. "Corporate financing and investment decisions when firms have information that investors do not have," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 187-221, June.
    2. Jay B. Barney, 1986. "Strategic Factor Markets: Expectations, Luck, and Business Strategy," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 32(10), pages 1231-1241, October.
    3. Stewart C. Myers & Nicholas S. Majluf, 1984. "Corporate Financing and Investment Decisions When Firms Have InformationThat Investors Do Not Have," NBER Working Papers 1396, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Belleflamme, Paul & Omrani, Nessrine & Peitz, Martin, 2015. "The economics of crowdfunding platforms," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 11-28.
    5. John Stayton & Vincent Mangematin, 2019. "Seed accelerators and the speed of new venture creation," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 44(4), pages 1163-1187, August.
    6. Bonini, Stefano & Capizzi, Vincenzo & Zocchi, Paola, 2019. "The performance of angel-backed companies," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 328-345.
    7. Cumming, Douglas J. & Johan, Sofia A., 2013. "Venture Capital and Private Equity Contracting," Elsevier Monographs, Elsevier, edition 2, number 9780124095373.
    8. David J. Teece & Gary Pisano & Amy Shuen, 1997. "Dynamic capabilities and strategic management," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 18(7), pages 509-533, August.
    9. Andersson, Fredrik W. & Lodefalk, Magnus, 2020. "Business Angels and Firm Performance: First Evidence from Population Data," Ratio Working Papers 342, The Ratio Institute.
    10. Lenny Phulong Mamaro & Athenia Bongani Sibindi, 2022. "Financial Sustainability of African Small-to-Medium Enterprises during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Determinants of Crowdfunding Success," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-14, November.
    11. Nadine Levratto & Luc Tessier & Cecile Fonrouge, 2018. "Business performance and angels presence: a fresh look from France 2008–2011," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(2), pages 339-356, February.
    12. Sirine Zribi, 2022. "Effects of social influence on crowdfunding performance: implications of the covid-19 pandemic," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-8, December.
    13. Stephen Muathe & Paul Sang & Lucy Kavinda & Sammy Letema & Samuel Maina & Kenneth Chelule, 2022. "Walking the startups journey in Kenya: Documentation of successes and pitfalls between 2010-2020," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 11(8), pages 387-400, November.
    14. Hanadi Mubarak Al-Mubaraki & Michael Busler, 2017. "Challenges and opportunities of innovation and incubators as a tool for knowledge-based economy," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 1-18, December.
    15. Brian T. Melzer, 2017. "Mortgage Debt Overhang: Reduced Investment by Homeowners at Risk of Default," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 72(2), pages 575-612, April.
    16. Jonathan Taglialatela & Andrea Mina, 2021. "Innovation, asymmetric information and the capital structure of new firms," LEM Papers Series 2021/36, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
    17. Silvio Vismara, 2016. "Equity retention and social network theory in equity crowdfunding," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 46(4), pages 579-590, April.
    18. Mahoney, Joseph T., 1995. "The management of resources and the resource of management," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 91-101, June.
    19. Michael Spence, 1973. "Job Market Signaling," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 87(3), pages 355-374.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Saul Estrin & Susanna Khavul & Mike Wright, 2022. "Soft and hard information in equity crowdfunding: network effects in the digitalization of entrepreneurial finance," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(4), pages 1761-1781, April.
    2. Francesca Pietro, 2021. "The rationale for listing on equity crowdfunding: actual and expected benefits for companies," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 48(4), pages 527-549, December.
    3. Friedemann Polzin & Helen Toxopeus & Erik Stam, 2018. "The wisdom of the crowd in funding: information heterogeneity and social networks of crowdfunders," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(2), pages 251-273, February.
    4. Mary J. Benner & Todd Zenger, 2016. "The Lemons Problem in Markets for Strategy," Strategy Science, INFORMS, vol. 1(2), pages 71-89, June.
    5. Estrin, Saul & Gozman, Daniel & Khavul, Susanna, 2017. "Equity crowdfunding and early stage entrepreneurial finance: damaging or disruptive?," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 86590, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    6. Yasar, Burze & Sevilay Yılmaz, Işıl & Hatipoğlu, Nurullah & Salih, Aslıhan, 2022. "Stretching the success in reward-based crowdfunding," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 205-220.
    7. Douglas J. Cumming & Lars Hornuf, 2020. "Marketplace Lending of SMEs," CESifo Working Paper Series 8100, CESifo.
    8. Anton Miglo, 2022. "Theories of Crowdfunding and Token Issues: A Review," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-28, May.
    9. Saul Estrin & Daniel Gozman & Susanna Khavul, 2017. "Equity crowdfunding and early stage entrepreneurial finance: damaging or disruptive?," CEP Discussion Papers dp1498, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    10. Simon Kleinert & Christine Volkmann & Marc Grünhagen, 2020. "Third-party signals in equity crowdfunding: the role of prior financing," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 54(1), pages 341-365, January.
    11. Douglas Cumming & Satish Kumar & Weng Marc Lim & Nitesh Pandey, 2023. "Mapping the venture capital and private equity research: a bibliometric review and future research agenda," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(1), pages 173-221, June.
    12. Eleonora Bartoloni, 2013. "Capital structure and innovation: causality and determinants," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 40(1), pages 111-151, February.
    13. Jana Oehmichen & Sebastian Firk & Michael Wolff & Franz Maybuechen, 2021. "Standing out from the crowd: Dedicated institutional investors and strategy uniqueness," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(6), pages 1083-1108, June.
    14. Kim, Sang-Joon & Bae, John & Oh, Hannah, 2019. "Financing strategically: The moderation effect of marketing activities on the bifurcated relationship between debt level and firm valuation of small and medium enterprises," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 663-681.
    15. Hanna Hottenrott & Bronwyn H. Hall & Dirk Czarnitzki, 2016. "Patents as quality signals? The implications for financing constraints on R&D," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(3), pages 197-217, April.
    16. Jenny Simon, 2015. "Optimal Debt Bias in Corporate Income Taxation," CESifo Working Paper Series 5561, CESifo.
    17. Bae, John & Kim, Sang-Joon & Oh, Hannah, 2017. "Taming polysemous signals: The role of marketing intensity on the relationship between financial leverage and firm performance," Review of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 29-40.
    18. David G. Sirmon & Michael A. Hitt, 2003. "Managing Resources: Linking Unique Resources, Management, and Wealth Creation in Family Firms," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 27(4), pages 339-358, October.
    19. Anastasios, Dosis, 2019. "Interest Rates and Investment Under Competitive Screening and Moral Hazard," ESSEC Working Papers WP1902, ESSEC Research Center, ESSEC Business School.
    20. Mustaruddin Mustaruddin & Aristya Dinata & Wendy Wendy & Anwar Azazi, 2017. "Asymmetric Information and Capital Structure: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia Stock Exchange," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 7(6), pages 8-15.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:7:y:2023:i:5:p:275-283. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Dr. Pawan Verma (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.