Structural factor role in the resource productivity change of the manufacturing sector of the US economy

The analysis of the impact of structural changes in the American economy over a long period of time (1971– 2020) in the context of the use of the main resources i.e. fixed assets and labor. This analysis is based on the consideration of the dynamics of indicators of the efficiency of resource use – capital productivity and labor productivity, calculated by the author using macroeconomic methods for measuring structural changes in the manufacturing sector of the US national economy. The information base is made up of the data of the official American statistics on the industries, construction and transport of the country for the studied period of time. The role of the structural factor is highlighted and the assessment of the contribution of structural changes to the rate of change in the output of the manufacturing sector of the US economy in the study period, which intensifies in crisis and post-crisis periods of the “US-centered” world / global leadership, characterized by cyclical development, is empirically substantiated. As a result of the study, it was found that the change in the level of the indicator of economic efficiency is formed not only under the influence of changes in the unit costs of fixed assets and labor – intra-industry factors, but also shifts in the structure of production, studied in the cyclical dynamics of development – the structural factor. The latter has a significant and sometimes decisive influence on the stabilization of the economic system at the stage of postcrisis modernization. This is confirmed by the calculated data on the rate of change in the output of the manufacturing sector of the US economy in 1971–2020, correlated with the annual rate of change in the output of the manufacturing sector of the US economy over the same period of time. The hypothesis of the dependence of the reproduction process of the largest capitalist economy on the structural stabilization of the level of use of production potential is confirmed, which is generally equivalent to the increased impact of the structural factor on the rate of economic growth and the preservation of the global dominance of the United States.