Scientific-industrial cluster opportunities to implement import substitution programs for biotechnology enterprises

The article presents an analysis of the main trends in the development of the global and Russian biotechnology market. It is shown that currently one of the key biotechnology areas is biomedicine and biopharmaceuticals. An analysis of Russian foreign economic activity in recent years has led to a conclusion about the significant dependence of some domestic industries on imported products. In particular, the article presents the results of the analysis of equipment and materials procurement by Biocad CJSC, which allowed us to conclude that the domestic biotechnology industry is highly dependent on imported technologies, equipment, and materials. The purpose of the article is to identify ways to improve the effectiveness of import substitution programs in the biotechnology industry. The methodological bases of the research are the methods of industrial economics, theory of innovation and strategic management, as well as methods of system analysis of economic phenomena and processes. The article defines the relationship of concepts in the implementation of import substitution programs. It is also proved that the most important participant in the implementation of projects in the field of import substitution can become scientific and industrial clusters. The possibilities of participation of scientific and industrial clusters in the implementation of import substitution programs in the biotechnology sphere, as well as their role in providing the required level of import independence of domestic biotechnology enterprises are considered.