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Age, time, and cohort effects on functional status and self-rated health in elderly men

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  • Hoeymans, N.
  • Feskens, E.J.M.
  • Van Den Bos, G.A.M.
  • Kromhout, D.

Abstract

Objectives. This study investigated age-related changes in functional status and serf-rated health in elderly men, taking into account changes over time and differences between birth cohorts. Methods. The Zutphen Elderly Study is a longitudinal study of men born in the Netherlands between 1900 and 1920. Functional status and self-rated health were measured in 513 men in 1990, in 381 men in 1993, and in 340 men in 1995. Age, time, and cohort effects were analyzed in a mixed longitudinal model. Results. Longitudinal analyses showed that during 5 years of follow-up, the proportion of men without disabilities decreased from 53% to 39%, whereas the percentage who rated themselves as healthy decreased from 50% to 35%. Cross-sectional analyses confirmed changes in functional status, suggesting an age effect. Time-series analyses confirmed changes in self-rated health, suggesting a time effect. No birth-cohort effects were found. Conclusions. Functional status deteriorates with age, whereas self-rated health is not related to age in men aged 70 years and older. The observed 5-year decline in self-rated health seemed to be due to a secular trend.

Suggested Citation

  • Hoeymans, N. & Feskens, E.J.M. & Van Den Bos, G.A.M. & Kromhout, D., 1997. "Age, time, and cohort effects on functional status and self-rated health in elderly men," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 87(10), pages 1620-1625.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1997:87:10:1620-1625_6
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    Cited by:

    1. Mohammadreza Shahbazi & Mahshid Foroughan & Mahdi Rahgozar & Reza Salmanroghani, 2016. "The Relations between Disability and Environmental Factors: A Pilot Study in Iranian Older Adults," Global Journal of Health Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 8(12), pages 1-87, December.
    2. F. Portrait & R. Alessie & D. Deeg, 2008. "Do early life and contemporaneous macro-conditions explain health at older ages? An application to functional limitations of Dutch older individuals," Working Papers 08-11, Utrecht School of Economics.
    3. Zan Yang & Yuqi Fu, 2019. "Physical Attributes of Housing and Elderly Health: A New Dynamic Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Padmaja Ayyagari & Fred Ullrich & Theodore K Malmstrom & Elena M Andresen & Mario Schootman & J Philip Miller & Douglas K Miller & Fredric D Wolinsky, 2012. "Self-Rated Health Trajectories in the African American Health Cohort," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(12), pages 1-9, December.
    5. Jinhee Kim & Swarn Chatterjee, 2019. "Student Loans, Health, and Life Satisfaction of US Households: Evidence from a Panel Study," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 40(1), pages 36-50, March.
    6. France Portrait & Rob Alessie & Dorly Deeg, 2010. "Do early life and contemporaneous macroconditions explain health at older ages?," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 23(2), pages 617-642, March.
    7. McDonough, Peggy & Sacker, Amanda & Wiggins, Richard D., 2005. "Time on my side? Life course trajectories of poverty and health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 61(8), pages 1795-1808, October.
    8. Pasqualini, M. & Lanari, D. & Minelli, L. & Pieroni, L. & Salmasi, L., 2017. "Health and income inequalities in Europe: What is the role of circumstances?," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 164-173.
    9. Dregan, Alex & Armstrong, David, 2009. "Age, cohort and period effects in the prevalence of sleep disturbances among older people: The impact of economic downturn," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 69(10), pages 1432-1438, November.

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