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Low birthweight at term and the timing of fetal exposure to maternal smoking

Author

Listed:
  • Lieberman, E.
  • Gremy, I.
  • Lang, J.M.
  • Cohen, A.P.

Abstract

Objectives. This study was undertaken to evaluate the risk of small-for- gestational-age birth for women who stop smoking or begin to smoke during pregnancy. Methods. Women with term singleton pregnancies from a hospital- based cohort of 11 177 were classified as (1) nonsmokers; (2) smoked throughout pregnancy; (3) smoked during first trimester only; (4) smoked during first and second trimesters only; and (5) smoked during second and third trimesters or during third trimester only. Risk of small-for- gestational-age birth according to smoking category was estimated and adjusted for confounding factors by logistic regression. Results. Women who stopped smoking by the third trimester were not at increased risk of small- for-gestational-age birth compared with nonsmokers. Women who began smoking during the second or third trimester had an elevated risk of small-for- gestational-age birth (odds ratio [OR] = 1.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.25, 2.67) similar to that for women who smoked throughout pregnancy (OR = 2.20; 95% CI = 1.90, 2.54). Risk of small-for-gestational-age birth increased with the number of cigarettes smoked during the third trimester. Conclusions. It is during the third trimester that smoking retards fetal growth, presenting a compelling opportunity for smoking cessation interventions. Programs must emphasize the importance of not resuming smoking late in pregnancy.

Suggested Citation

  • Lieberman, E. & Gremy, I. & Lang, J.M. & Cohen, A.P., 1994. "Low birthweight at term and the timing of fetal exposure to maternal smoking," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 84(7), pages 1127-1131.
  • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1994:84:7:1127-1131_5
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    Cited by:

    1. Ji Yan, 2013. "Prenatal Smoking Cessation and Infant Health: Evidence from Sibling Births," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 80(2), pages 299-323, October.
    2. Leah K. Lakdawala & David Simon, 2016. "The Intergenerational Consequences of Tobacco Policy," Working papers 2016-27, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics.
    3. Bharadwaj, Prashant & Johnsen, Julian V. & Løken, Katrine V., 2014. "Smoking bans, maternal smoking and birth outcomes," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 72-93.
    4. Jia Gao & Reagan A. Baughman, 2017. "Do Smoking Bans Improve Infant Health? Evidence from U.S. Births: 1995–2009," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 43(3), pages 472-495, June.
    5. Nora L. Lee & Jonathan M. Samet & Gonghuan Yang & Maigeng Zhou & Jie Yang & Adolfo Correa & Peter S. J. Lees, 2012. "Prenatal Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Infant Birth Weight in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-23, September.
    6. Ji Yan & Peter A. Groothuis, 2013. "Timing of Prenatal Smoking Cessation or Reduction and Infant Birth Weight: Evidence from the United Kingdom Millennium Cohort Study," Working Papers 13-16, Department of Economics, Appalachian State University.
    7. Chau Quy Ngo & Phuong Thu Phan & Giap Van Vu & Hanh Thi Chu & Toan Thi Nguyen & Mai Hong Nguyen & Hai Thanh Phan & Benjamin M. Y. Ong & Giang Thu Vu & Kiet Tuan Huy Pham & Bach Xuan Tran & Carl A. Lat, 2019. "Prevalence and Sources of Second-Hand Smoking Exposure among Non-Smoking Pregnant Women in an Urban Setting of Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-10, December.
    8. Jeffrey E. Harris & Ana Balsa & Patricia Triunfo, 2014. "Campaña antitabaco en Uruguay:Impacto en la decisión de dejar de fumar durante el embarazo y en el peso al nacer," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 0114, Department of Economics - dECON.
    9. Ghouse, Ghulam & Zaid, Muhammad, 2016. "Determinants of Low Birth Weight a Cross Sectional Study: In Case of Pakistan," MPRA Paper 70660, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Jeffrey E. Harris & Ana Inés Balsa & Patricia Triunfo, 2014. "Tobacco Control Campaign in Uruguay: Impact on Smoking Cessation during Pregnancy," NBER Working Papers 19878, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    11. Harris, Jeffrey E. & Balsa, Ana Inés & Triunfo, Patricia, 2015. "Tobacco control campaign in Uruguay: Impact on smoking cessation during pregnancy and birth weight," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 186-196.
    12. Reagan, Patricia B. & Salsberry, Pamela J. & Olsen, Randall J., 2007. "Does the measure of economic disadvantage matter? Exploring the effect of individual and relative deprivation on intrauterine growth restriction," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(10), pages 2016-2029, May.

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