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Natural Resources and Violent Conflict

Author

Listed:
  • Eleonora Nillesen

    (UNU-MERIT, 6211 TC Maastricht, Netherlands)

  • Erwin Bulte

    (Development Economics Group, Wageningen University, 6700 KN Wageningen, Netherlands)

Abstract

We discuss the literature on natural resources and violent conflict. The theoretical literature is rich and ambiguous, and the empirical literature is equally multifaceted. Theory predicts that resource booms or discoveries may attenuate or accentuate the risk of conflict, depending on various factors. Regression analyses also produce mixed signals and point to a plethora of mechanisms linking resources to conflict. The empirical literature is gradually evolving from cross-country conflict models to micro-level analyses, explaining variation in local intensity of conflict. This transition has resulted in more credible identification strategies and in an enhanced understanding of the complex relation between resources and conflict.

Suggested Citation

  • Eleonora Nillesen & Erwin Bulte, 2014. "Natural Resources and Violent Conflict," Annual Review of Resource Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 6(1), pages 69-83, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:anr:reseco:v:6:y:2014:p:69-83
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    File URL: http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-resource-091912-151910
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Karolina Safarzynska, 2018. "The Impact of Resource Uncertainty and Intergroup Conflict on Harvesting in the Common-Pool Resource Experiment," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 71(4), pages 1001-1025, December.
    2. de Soysa, Indra & Krieger, Tim & Meierrieks, Daniel, 2022. "Oil and property rights," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 79, pages 1-13.
    3. Vesco, Paola & Dasgupta, Shouro & De Cian, Enrica & Carraro, Carlo, 2020. "Natural resources and conflict: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    4. Jetter, Michael, 2016. "Peace, Terrorism, or Civil Conflict? Understanding the Decision of an Opposition Group," IZA Discussion Papers 9996, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. De Soysa, Indra & Krieger, Tim & Meierrieks, Daniel, 2020. "Oil wealth and property rights," Discussion Paper Series 2020-03, University of Freiburg, Wilfried Guth Endowed Chair for Constitutional Political Economy and Competition Policy.
    6. Yamazaki, Satoshi & Resosudarmo, Budy & Girsang, Wardis & Hoshino, Eriko, 2015. "Intra- and inter-village conflict in rural coastal communites in Indonesia: the case of the Kei islands," Working Papers 2015-02, University of Tasmania, Tasmanian School of Business and Economics.
    7. Julika Herzberg & Oliver Lorz, 2020. "Sourcing from conflict regions: Policies to improve transparency in international supply chains," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(2), pages 395-407, May.
    8. Tom Ogwang & Frank Vanclay & Arjan van den Assem, 2019. "Rent-Seeking Practices, Local Resource Curse, and Social Conflict in Uganda’s Emerging Oil Economy," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-14, March.
    9. Renard Sexton, 2020. "Unpacking the Local Resource Curse: How Externalities and Governance Shape Social Conflict," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 64(4), pages 640-673, April.
    10. Arinze Nwokolo, 2018. "Oil Price Shocks and Civil Conflict: Evidence from Nigeria," HiCN Working Papers 274, Households in Conflict Network.
    11. Paul D. Kenny & Rashesh Shrestha & Edward Aspinall, 2020. "Commodity Booms, Conflict, and Organized Crime The Economics of Oil Palm Mafia Violence in Indonesia," HiCN Working Papers 339, Households in Conflict Network.
    12. Nemera Gebeyehu Mamo, 2018. "Essays on natural resources in Africa: local economic development, multi-ethnic coalitions and armed conflict," Economics PhD Theses 0518, Department of Economics, University of Sussex Business School.
    13. Raul Caruso & Jon Echevarria-Coco, 2023. "International prices and continuing conflict: Theory and evidence from sub-Saharan Africa (1980–2017)," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 60(6), pages 889-905, November.
    14. Adedokun, Ayokunu, 2017. "Post-conflict peacebuilding: A critical survey of the literature and avenues for future research," MERIT Working Papers 2017-016, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    15. Wu, Yan & Heerink, Nico, 2016. "Foreign direct investment, fiscal decentralization and land conflicts in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 92-107.
    16. Crost, Benjamin & Felter, Joseph H., 2020. "Extractive resource policy and civil conflict: Evidence from mining reform in the Philippines," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    17. Sini, Snow & Abdul-Rahim, A.S. & Sulaiman, Chindo, 2021. "Does natural resource influence conflict in Africa? Evidence from panel nonlinear relationship," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    18. Korotayev, Andrey & Bilyuga, Stanislav & Belalov, Ilya & Goldstone, Jack, 2018. "Oil prices, socio-political destabilization risks, and future energy technologies," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 304-310.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    civil war; greed; grievances; resource scarcity; resource abundance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D74 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • Q34 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Natural Resources and Domestic and International Conflicts

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