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Sources of Growth and Instability in Agricultural Production in Western Odisha, India

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  • Swain, Mrutyunjay

Abstract

This paper analyzes the nature and sources of agricultural instability in the Bolangir district of Western Odisha, India. The nature of instability in agricultural production is examined by determining the agricultural instability index (AII) of variables such as area, production and yield of food grains and paddy, irrigation coverage, and annual rainfall. The period covered by the study (1984–2009), which is characterized by greater technology dissemination, is categorized into two sub- periods: (1984–1993) and (1994–2009). The effects of a change in major inputs on the variability of crop productivity are assessed using a double-log model. The yield decomposition analysis is used to examine the role of drought risk factors and the amount and productivity of inputs in crop yield growth. The extent of instability in agricultural production and productivity in the region is found to be quite high on account of the high level of rainfall variability and the low irrigation coverage. The level of instability in food grain production is much larger during the second sub-period. The decomposition analysis reveals that about 84.4 percent of the total change in paddy yield growth is due to drought risk factors such as rainfall failure, rainfall variability, high temperature, and drought-induced pest attack, while the remaining change in paddy yield is due to the change in amount and productivity of major agricultural inputs such as labor, fertilizer, pesticides, and irrigation.

Suggested Citation

  • Swain, Mrutyunjay, 2014. "Sources of Growth and Instability in Agricultural Production in Western Odisha, India," Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development, Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), vol. 11(2), pages 1-20, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:phajad:229708
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.229708
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chand, Ramesh & Raju, S.S., 2009. "Instability in Indian Agriculture During Different Phases of Technology and Policy," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 64(2), pages 1-21.
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    3. Ray, S. K., 1983. "An Empirical Investigation on the Nature and Causes for Growth and Instability in Indian Agriculture: 1950-80," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 38(4), October.
    4. Oaxaca, Ronald, 1973. "Male-Female Wage Differentials in Urban Labor Markets," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 14(3), pages 693-709, October.
    5. Sharma, H.R. & Singh, Kamlesh & Kumari, Shanta, 2006. "Extent and Source of Instability in Foodgrains Production in India," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 61(4), pages 1-20.
    6. Mehra, Shakuntla, 1981. "Instability in Indian agriculture in the context of the new technology:," Research reports 25, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
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    Cited by:

    1. Bhagabat Malik & Siba Sankar Mohanty, 2023. "Fluctuations in Agricultural Production: A Comparative Study across Selected Countries," Journal of Studies in Dynamics and Change (JSDC), ISSN: 2348-7038, Voices of Inclusive Change and Expressions- (VOICE) Trust, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, vol. 10(1), pages 9-26, January-M.

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