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Le découplage et les droits à paiement unique dans les exploitations laitières et bovins-viande en France

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  • Chatellier, Vincent

Abstract

La réforme de la Politique agricole commune (PAC), décidée par le Conseil européen en juin 2003, modifie le mode d’intervention des pouvoirs publics au sein de l’agriculture européenne. En France, la mise en oeuvre d’un paiement unique découplé en substitution d’une partie des paiements compensatoires alloués historiquement sur la base des facteurs de production constitue une rupture importante, notamment dans le secteur bovin (lait et viande bovine). L’objectif de cet article est de mesurer les conséquences de cette réforme de la PAC sur l’évolution, à l’horizon de 2007, des aides directes et du paiement unique dans différentes catégories d’exploitations laitières et bovins-viande françaises. La simulation, qui est conduite sur la base des données individuelles du Réseau d'information comptable agricole (RICA) de l’exercice 2003, prend en compte des hypothèses de gains de productivité et traite de deux options de découplage : partiel (au sens des modalités retenues en France) et total (comme la réglementation communautaire le permet). Sur la base de la situation projetée, une discussion est ensuite engagée sur les possibilités offertes aux États membres d’une éventuelle redistribution des soutiens directs. Ce travail permet de souligner les principaux points suivants : le revenu de la très grande majorité des exploitations bovines deviendra, au terme de la réforme, fortement dépendant des soutiens directs ; le dispositif de modulation concernera plus de 95% des exploitations bovines ; le montant du paiement unique (rapporté à l'exploitation, à l’hectare ou aux résultats économiques) variera fortement selon la taille de l’exploitation, son système productif historique et son niveau d’intensification ; le principe de la régionalisation du paiement unique (articles n° 58 et 59 du règlement n° 1782) conduit, dans une région administrative donnée, à un transfert de soutiens directs des unités les plus intensives vers les unités les plus extensives, mais ne permet pas d’opérer, comme c’est le cas de l’article n° 69, une redistribution de fonds entre régions.

Suggested Citation

  • Chatellier, Vincent, 2006. "Le découplage et les droits à paiement unique dans les exploitations laitières et bovins-viande en France," Cahiers d'Economie et de Sociologie Rurales (CESR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), vol. 78.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:inrace:201681
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.201681
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Aude Ridier & Florence Jacquet, 2002. "Decoupling Direct Payments and the Dynamics of Decisions under Price Risk in Cattle Farms," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(3), pages 549-565, November.
    2. Beard, Nick & Swinbank, Alan, 2001. "Decoupled payments to facilitate CAP reform," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 26(2), pages 121-145, April.
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    1. Jean-Christophe J.-C. Bureau & Alexandre Gohin & Sébastien Jean, 2007. "The CAP and WTO negotiation [La PAC et la négociation OMC]," Post-Print hal-02821142, HAL.
    2. Baptiste Lelyon & Vincent Chatellier & Karine Daniel, 2011. "Decoupling and prices: determinant of dairy farmers’ choices?," Review of Agricultural and Environmental Studies - Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement, INRA Department of Economics, vol. 92(1), pages 47-68.
    3. Lelyon, Baptiste & Daniel, Karine & Chatellier, Vincent, 2008. "Decoupling and prices: determinant of dairy farmers’ choices? A model to analyse impacts of the 2003 CAP reform," 2008 International Congress, August 26-29, 2008, Ghent, Belgium 44250, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    4. Lelyon, Baptiste & Chatellier, Vincent & Daniel, Karine, 2008. "Milk Quotas Abolishment And Simplification Of The Single Payment Scheme: Implications On Dairy Farmers’ Productive Strategy In The West Of France," 109th Seminar, November 20-21, 2008, Viterbo, Italy 44795, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    5. repec:dau:papers:123456789/1735 is not listed on IDEAS

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