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Produktion und Faktoreinsatz unter Transformationsbedingungen: Ökonometrische Analyse der Produktionstechnologie der ukrainischen Milchverarbeitungsindustrie

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  • Perekhozhuk, Oleksandr
  • Grings, Michael

Abstract

In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Ergebnisse der Schätzung verschiedener Produktionsfunktionen für die ukrainische Milchverarbeitungsindustrie auf Sektorebene vorgestellt. Die Datengrundlage umfasst Monatszeitreihen für den Zeitraum Januar 1996 bis Dezember 2003. Als alternative Funktionsformen wurden verschiedene Spezialfälle auf Basis der Translog- Produktionsfunktion geschätzt. Im Mittelpunkt der Betrachtungen stehen zentrale Parameter der Produktionstechnologie wie die Skalenelastizität, die Substitutionselastizitäten der Produktionsfaktoren sowie die Rate des technischen Fortschritts. Die Schätzergebnisse zeigen, dass die unrestringierte Translog-Produktionsfunktion neoklassischen Produktionsfunktionen vorzuziehen ist. Aufgrund der besonderen Situation der ukrainischen Milchverarbeitungsindustrie während des Transformationsprozesses erweist es sich sogar als z.T. irreführend, die Produktionstechnologie durch eine neoklassische Produktionsfunktion zu beschreiben. So wird für den Faktor Arbeit ein negatives Grenzprodukt ermittelt, ein Ergebnis, das mit der neoklassischen Produktionstheorie nicht vereinbar, jedoch angesichts der geringen Kapazitätsauslastung nicht unplausibel ist. Die Schätzergebnisse sind hinsichtlich der Skalenelastizität nicht eindeutig interpretierbar. Die Rate des technischen Fortschritts beträgt in der zweiten Hälfte des Schätzzeitraums 2,7 % p.a., während sie in der ersten Hälfte negativ ist. Die errechneten Allenschen Substitutionselastizitäten der Faktoren weisen fast vernachlässigbare Größenordnungen auf. In this study estimation results of alternative production functions for the Ukrainian milk processing industry at the sectoral level are presented. Several special cases of a translog production function are estimated on the basis of a data set consisting of monthly time series for the period January 1996 to December 2003. The analysis focuses on key parameters of the production technology, such as the elasticity of scale, the elasticity of substitution of production factors and the rate of technical progress. The estimation results show that neoclassical production functions are less suited for the analysis than the unrestricted translog production function. Because of the special situation of the Ukrainian milk processing industry during the transition process, it can even be misleading to describe the production technology by a neoclassical production function. Thus, the marginal product of labour turns out to be negative, which is incompatible with neoclassical production theory. However, in view of the low capacity utilization this is not implausible. The estimation results with respect to the elasticity of scale cannot be interpreted unambiguously. The rate of technical progress is 2.7 % p.a. in the second half of the investigation period, while in the first half it is negative. The size of the Allen elasticities of substitution of production factors is calculated to be almost negligible.

Suggested Citation

  • Perekhozhuk, Oleksandr & Grings, Michael, 2011. "Produktion und Faktoreinsatz unter Transformationsbedingungen: Ökonometrische Analyse der Produktionstechnologie der ukrainischen Milchverarbeitungsindustrie," German Journal of Agricultural Economics, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Department for Agricultural Economics, vol. 60(01), pages 1-16, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:gjagec:169831
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.169831
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