Економічна Оцінка Моделей Технологій Створення Та Використання Бобово-Злакових Травостоїв

Purpose. The aim of the study was to determine the economic efficiency of liming, inoculation, growth stimulant, mineral, composite organic-mineral fertilizers, the number of legumes and cereals mown during the season and to conduct a comparative analysis of economic efficiency of grassland use for three and five years. Methodology / approach. Economic evaluation of the efficiency of technologies was based on experimental data. The experimental work was carried out on the stationary experience of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian region of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine during 2011–2015. Meadow clover, eastern galega, Timothy grass, meadow fescue and Bromus inermis were used to create the herbage. Indicators of economic efficiency were determined by the calculation method on personally developed technological maps. Results. According to the data of five-year research the dynamics of forage productivity of bean-cereal grass stand was determined and the economic estimation of technologies of creation and use of meadow agro phytocenosis is given. It was found that the total cost of creating grass stands was 189–191 USD/ha, and the application of lime increased them to 555 USD/ha. In the first year the yield of fodder units at the level of 2.22–4.53 t/ha was obtained from the newly created legume-grass stand, and in the third year – 4.43–7.36 t/ha. In the fifth year, the forage productivity of grassland decreased to 4.25–6.53 t/ha of forage units. The highest indicators of economic efficiency of creation and use of leguminous and cereal grasses were received for three years of use, and on the average for five years the level of profitability and conditionally net income decreased a little. The most expensive measure by creating legumes is liming the soil. From an economic point of view, this measure pays off by mowing the grass twice in three years and three times in five years. The highest forage productivity of clover-cereal grassland with a conditional level of profitability of 291 %, conditionally net income of 753 USD/ha is provided by the technology of creation and use, which includes the use of composite organic-mineral fertilizer against phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Originality / scientific novelty. For the first time, the expediency of using composite organic-mineral fertilizers in the creation of legumes and cereals was proved, and their role in increasing fodder, energy and agro-resource potential was revealed. Practical value / implications. The proposed models of technologies allow creating high-performance legume-cereal meadow agrophytocenoses without the use of nitrogen fertilizers with the use of composite organo-mineral preparations, which provide an average of 5.7 t/ha of fodder units in five years; contribute to increasing a conditional level of profitability to 291 %, which leads to increased efficiency of agricultural production.