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Pharmaceuticals and the Developing World

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  • Michael Kremer

Abstract

Pharmaceuticals have greatly improved health in developing countries, but many people in developing countries do not obtain even inexpensive pharmaceuticals and little pharmaceutical R&D is oriented toward products needed by developing countries, such as a malaria vaccine. Access to existing products could be improved by facilitating differential pricing, for example by subsidizing donation programs, and reforming health care delivery. R&D incentives could be improved if rich countries or international organization committed to purchase needed products when they are developed and make them available to the poor.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Kremer, 2002. "Pharmaceuticals and the Developing World," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 16(4), pages 67-90, Fall.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:jecper:v:16:y:2002:i:4:p:67-90
    Note: DOI: 10.1257/089533002320950984
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    File URL: http://www.aeaweb.org/articles.php?doi=10.1257/089533002320950984
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. World Bank, 2001. "Immunization," World Bank Publications - Reports 9794, The World Bank Group.
    2. Hannah Kettler, 1999. "Updating the Cost of a New Chemical Entity," Monograph 000456, Office of Health Economics.
    3. Michael Kremer, 2001. "Creating Markets for New Vaccines - Part I: Rationale," NBER Chapters, in: Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 1, pages 35-72, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Michael Kremer, 2001. "Creating Markets for New Vaccines - Part II: Design Issues," NBER Chapters, in: Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 1, pages 73-118, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Robert W. Fogel, 1986. "Nutrition and the Decline in Mortality since 1700: Some Preliminary Findings," NBER Chapters, in: Long-Term Factors in American Economic Growth, pages 439-556, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Di Tella, Rafael & Schargrodsky, Ernesto, 2003. "The Role of Wages and Auditing during a Crackdown on Corruption in the City of Buenos Aires," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 46(1), pages 269-292, April.
    7. Leonard, Kenneth L., 2002. "When both states and markets fail: asymmetric information and the role of NGOs in African health care," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 61-80, July.
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