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Micro Risks and (Robust) Pareto-Improving Policies

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  • Mark Aguiar
  • Manuel Amador
  • Cristina Arellano

Abstract

We provide conditions for the feasibility of robust Pareto-improving (RPI) policies when markets are incomplete and the interest rate is below the growth rate. We allow for arbitrary heterogeneity in preferences and income risk and a wedge between the return to capital and bonds. An RPI improves risk sharing and can induce a more efficient level of capital. Elasticities of aggregate savings to changes in interest rates are the crucial ingredients to the feasibility of RPIs. Government debt may complement rather than substitute for capital in an RPI. Our analysis emphasizes the welfare-improving qualities of government bonds versus explicit redistribution.

Suggested Citation

  • Mark Aguiar & Manuel Amador & Cristina Arellano, 2024. "Micro Risks and (Robust) Pareto-Improving Policies," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 114(11), pages 3669-3713, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:aecrev:v:114:y:2024:i:11:p:3669-3713
    DOI: 10.1257/aer.20230128
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Christian K. Wolf, 2021. "Interest Rate Cuts vs. Stimulus Payments: An Equivalence Result," NBER Working Papers 29193, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D52 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Incomplete Markets
    • E43 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • H20 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - General
    • H63 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Debt; Debt Management; Sovereign Debt

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