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Sentiment and Speculation in a Market with Heterogeneous Beliefs

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  • Ian W. R. Martin
  • Dimitris Papadimitriou

Abstract

We present a model featuring risk-averse investors with heterogeneous beliefs. Individuals who are correct in hindsight—whether through luck or judgment—get rich, so sentiment is bullish following good news and bearish following bad news. Sentiment makes extreme outcomes far more important for pricing and has asymmetric effects on left- and right-skewed assets. Investors take speculative positions that can conflict with their fundamental views. Moderate investors are contrarian: they trade against excess volatility created by extremists. All investors view speculation as socially costly; but they also think it is in their self-interest, and the market can collapse entirely if speculation is banned.

Suggested Citation

  • Ian W. R. Martin & Dimitris Papadimitriou, 2022. "Sentiment and Speculation in a Market with Heterogeneous Beliefs," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 112(8), pages 2465-2517, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:aecrev:v:112:y:2022:i:8:p:2465-2517
    DOI: 10.1257/aer.20200505
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    Cited by:

    1. Xianbo Zhou & Zhuoran Chen, 2023. "The Impact of Uncertainty Shocks to Consumption under Different Confidence Regimes Based on a Stochastic Uncertainty-in-Mean TVAR Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-20, February.
    2. ÅžimÅŸek, Alp, 2021. "The Macroeconomics of Financial Speculation," CEPR Discussion Papers 15733, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    3. Can Gao & Ian W. R. Martin, 2021. "Volatility, Valuation Ratios, and Bubbles: An Empirical Measure of Market Sentiment," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 76(6), pages 3211-3254, December.
    4. Shahsuzan Zakaria & Mohd Afzanizam Abdul Rashid & Dheya Hamood Saif Al-Fakih, 2024. "Financial Risk: Case Study Analysis," Information Management and Business Review, AMH International, vol. 16(1), pages 250-260.
    5. Hu, Duni & Wang, Hailong, 2024. "Heterogeneous beliefs with preference interdependence and asset pricing," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 93(PA), pages 1-37.
    6. Zhang, Xuetong & Zhang, Weiguo, 2023. "Information asymmetry, sentiment interactions, and asset price," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    7. Hervé Roche & Juan Sotes-Paladino, 2022. "Sentiment, Mispricing and Excess Volatility in Presence of Institutional Investors," Working Papers 205, Red Nacional de Investigadores en Economía (RedNIE).

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D81 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
    • D83 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief; Unawareness
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G41 - Financial Economics - - Behavioral Finance - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making in Financial Markets

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