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An Islamic Approach to Inequality and Poverty مقاربة إسلامية لمشكلتي عدم المساواة والفقر

Author

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  • Asad Zaman

    (Vice Chancellor, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE), Islamabad)

Abstract

We argue that ways of thinking about poverty changed dramatically due to the Great Transformation in Europe which created a market society. These ways spread to the rest of world due to the colonization and global conquest of Europe. The market society requires a labor market which dehumanizes people turning them into commodities. This and other related changes in attitudes toward wealth and poverty are the sources of the difficulties created by poverty and inequality. An Islamic approach requires re-creation of society on the basis of generosity and cooperation, values which are antithetical to greed and competition, the basis of market societies. We sketch a three-dimensional approach to resolving problems created by inequalities and poverty, based on spiritual, social, and institutional components. In each area, the source materials of Islam and Islamic history provide ample guidance and precedent for a radically different approach to these problems. نقرر في هذه الورقة بأن النظريات وطرق التفكير حول الفقر تغيرت بشكل كبير بسبب "التحول الكبير" في أوروبا الذي أدى إلى خلق مجتمع السوق. وانتشرت هذه النظريات إلى بقية العالم بسبب الغزو العالمي والاستعمار الأوروبي. مجتمع السوق يتطلب سوقا للعمال الأمر الذي يسلب إنسانية الناس ويحولهم إلى سلع. هذا وغيره من التغيرات في المواقف ذات الصلة تجاه الغنى والفقر هي مصادر الصعوبات الناجمة عن الفقر وعدم المساواة. المقاربة الإسلامية لهاتين المسألتين تتطلب إعادة خلق المجتمع على أساسيّ الكرم والتعاون؛ القيم التي تتناقض مع الجشع والمنافسة، التي هي أساس مجتمعات السوق. نرسم في هذه الورقة نهجا ثلاثي الأبعاد لحل المشاكل الناشئة عن عدم المساواة والفقر، قائما على العناصر الروحية والاجتماعية والمؤسسية. وفي كل مجال، توفر مصادر الإسلام والتاريخ الإسلامي توجيهات وافرة لمقاربة مختلفة جذريا إزاء هذه المشاكل.

Suggested Citation

  • Asad Zaman, 2018. "An Islamic Approach to Inequality and Poverty مقاربة إسلامية لمشكلتي عدم المساواة والفقر," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 31(1), pages 69-92, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:31:y:2018:i:1:no:4:p:69-92
    DOI: 10.4197/Islec.31-1.4
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Parkinson, J. E., 1995. "Corporate Power and Responsibility: Issues in the Theory of Company Law," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198259893.
    2. Avi J. Cohen, 2003. "Retrospectives: Whatever Happened to the Cambridge Capital Theory Controversies?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 17(1), pages 199-214, Winter.
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    Cited by:

    1. Munawar Iqbal, 2018. "Poverty, Inequalities and the Perceptions on Distributive Justice الفقر وعدم المساواة والتصورات حول العدالة التوزيعية," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 31(1), pages 115-128, January.
    2. repec:abd:kauiea:v:31:y:2018:i:1:p:115-128 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Abdel-Hameed Bashir, 2018. "Reducing Poverty and Income Inequalities: Current Approaches and Islamic Perspective الحد من الفقر وعدم المساواة في الدخل: المناهج الحالية والمنظور الإسلامي," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 31(1), pages 93-104, January.
    4. repec:abd:kauiea:v:31:y:2018:i:1:p:93-104 is not listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Poverty; Inequality; Poverty alleviation; The Great Transformation; Multi-dimensional poverty; Zakāh; Ṣadaqāt; Awqāf.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • P4 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Other Economic Systems
    • I3 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty

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