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Mobility and Modality Trends in US State Personal Income

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  • George Hammond
  • Eric Thompson

Abstract

We examine the mobility and modality trends in US state per capita personal income (and its components) during the 1929-1999 period. We find strong evidence of convergence for states, but that the tendency towards convergence (and the associated mobility within the distribution) varies during the period and especially for the 1980s. Our analysis of convergence by income component suggests that transfer income contributes more to the observed convergence than does asset income. We also note that distributional mobility need not be accompanied by high rank mobility and find that trends toward convergence in the US have tended to preserve rank ordering. Cet article cherche a examiner les tendances de mobilite et de modalitequant aux revenus personnels par tete (et a ses composants) aux Etats-Unis pendant la periode qui va de 1929 a1999. Il s'avere de fortes preuves d' une convergence entre Etats qui varie au cours de la periode etudiee (et qui va de pair avec une variation de la mobilite associee au sein de la distribution), surtout pendant les annees 1980. L'analyse de la convergence par les composants du revenu laisse supposer que le revenu de transfert contribue davantage a la convergence observee que ne le fait le revenu de biens. Il est aussi a noter que la mobilite de distribution ne va pas necessairement de pair avec la mobilite de haut rang. En outre, il est a constater que les tendances a la convergence aux Etats-Unis tendent a maintenir le classement existant. Die Autoren untersuchen Mobilitatsund Modalitatstendenzen in den proKopf Privateinkommen (und ihren Komponenten) in Staaten der USA im Zeitraum 1929-1999. Sie stossen auf beachtliche Anzeichen gegenseitiger Annaherung von Staaten, stellen aber zugleich fest, dass die Tendenz zur Konvergenz (und der damit verbundenen Modalitat in der Verteilung) wahrend diesen Zeitraums, und besonders in den achtziger Jahren, fluktuiert. Die Analyse der Konvergenz nach Einkommenskomponenten legt nahe, dass Transfereinkommen mehr zur beobachteten Konvergenz beitragen als Einkommen von Vermogenswerten. Weiterhin wird festgestellt, dass Verteilungsmobilitat nicht unbedingt von hoher Mobilitat begleitet sein muss, und dass in den USA Tendenzen zur Konvergenz dahin tendieren, Rangordnung aufrecht zu erhalten.

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  • George Hammond & Eric Thompson, 2002. "Mobility and Modality Trends in US State Personal Income," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(4), pages 375-387.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:36:y:2002:i:4:p:375-387
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400220131142
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    3. George Hammond, 2004. "Metropolitan/non-metropolitan divergence: A spatial Markov chain approach," Economics of Governance, Springer, vol. 83(3), pages 543-563, July.
    4. Marta Degl'Innocenti & Roman Matousek & Nickolaos G Tzeremes, 2018. "Financial centres' competitiveness and economic convergence: Evidence from the European Union regions," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 50(1), pages 133-156, February.
    5. George Hammond, 2006. "A time series analysis of U.S. metropolitan and non-metropolitan income divergence," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 40(1), pages 81-94, March.
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    7. Stefano Magrini & Margherita Gerolimetto & Hasan Engin Duran, 2011. "Distortions in Cross-Sectional Convergence Analysis when the Aggregate Business Cycle is Incomplete," Working Papers 2011_07, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    8. Sergio J. Rey & Mark V. Janikas, 2003. "Convergence and space," Urban/Regional 0311002, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 16 Nov 2003.

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