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Die Umweltpolitik der rot-grünen Koalition: Strategien zwischen nationaler Pfadabhängigkeit und globaler Politikkonvergenz

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  • Kern, Kristine
  • Koenen, Stephanie
  • Löffelsend, Tina

Abstract

Die Umweltpolitik gilt als wichtiger Eckpfeiler rot-grüner Politik in Deutschland. Um deren Erfolg beurteilen zu können, müssen nationale Pfadabhängigkeiten wie auch globale Politikkonvergenzen berücksichtigt werden. Deshalb wird eine Konzeption gewählt, die zwei Dimensionen umfasst: das Ausmaß des Politikwandels, der entweder radikal oder lediglich moderat sein kann, und Deutschlands Stellung im internationalen Vergleich als Vorreiter oder Nachzügler. Auf dieser Grundlage lassen sich vier Typen von politischen Strategien unterscheiden: (1) Vorangehen („moving first“), (2) Aufholen („catching up“), (3) in Führung bleiben („staying ahead“), (4) Zurückbleiben („lagging behind“). Basierend auf dieser Typologie werden vier Fälle untersucht: die Energiepolitik, die Ökologisierung des Steuersystems, die Klimapolitik und die nationale Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie. Die Fallstudien zeigen erstens, dass ein Wechsel des Politikpfades in Bereichen stattfand, die schon immer einen prominenten Platz auf der grünen Agenda eingenommen haben (Ausstieg aus der Atomenergie, Ökosteuer). Zweitens wird deutlich, dass Politikinnovationen, die sich im Ausland bereits bewährt haben, den Politikwandel erheblich erleichtern, weil diese Ansätze von politischen Unternehmern als Referenzpunkt genutzt werden können. Drittens verfolgt Deutschland in Bereichen, in denen das Land Vorreiter ist, multilaterale Strategien: Um die eigene Position zu sichern, werden andere Länder zur Übernahme ähnlicher Politiken veranlasst.

Suggested Citation

  • Kern, Kristine & Koenen, Stephanie & Löffelsend, Tina, 2003. "Die Umweltpolitik der rot-grünen Koalition: Strategien zwischen nationaler Pfadabhängigkeit und globaler Politikkonvergenz," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Civil Society and Transnational Networks SP IV 2003-103, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wzbctn:spiv2003103
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