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Der Föderalismus und die Arbeitslosigkeit: Eine vernachlässigte Beziehung

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  • Berthold, Norbert

Abstract

[Einleitung:] Die deutsche Volkswirtschaft hat vor allem mit drei Problemen zu kämpfen: Das drängendste ist die persistent hohe Arbeitslosigkeit. Vor allem die zunehmende Arbeitslosigkeit unter den Jugendlichen und den wenig qualifizierten Arbeitnehmern gibt Anlaß zur Sorge. Die anhaltend hohe Arbeitslosigkeit ist nicht nur eine grandiose Verschwendung von Ressourcen, sie ist auch ein höchst explosiver politischer Sprengsatz, der schleunigst entschärft werden muß, wenn unsere Gesellschaft nicht Schaden nehmen soll. Ein nicht minder drängendes Problem ist die offenkundige Krise des Sozialstaates. Die finanziellen Ungleichgewichte in den Systemen der Sozialen Sicherung nehmen zu, die Halbwertzeiten der Reformen verringern sich. Der Sozialstaat ist immer weniger in der Lage, "soziale Sicherheit" und "Gerechtigkeit" effizient anzubieten. Dies ist besonders mißlich, weil in einer volatilen, vom strukturellen Wandel geprägten Umwelt die Nachfrage nach diesen Gütern ansteigt. Damit aber nicht genug: Die föderale Ordnung sieht sich mit immer neuen Herausforderungen konfrontiert. Der Gang von Baden-Württemberg und Bayern vor das Bundesverfassungsgericht zeigt, daß die gegenwärtige Finanzverfassung überholungsbedürftig ist. Vordergründig geht es um einen Verteilungsstreit im Länderfinanzausgleich. Das eigentliche Problem verbirgt sich dahinter: Wo ist die Grenze der Umverteilung in demokratischen Gesellschaften? Wann ist der Punkt erreicht, an dem das weitere Streben nach "einheitlichen Lebensverhältnissen" alle schlechter stellt?...

Suggested Citation

  • Berthold, Norbert, 1998. "Der Föderalismus und die Arbeitslosigkeit: Eine vernachlässigte Beziehung," Discussion Paper Series 25, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Chair of Economic Order and Social Policy.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wuewwb:25
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    1. Enrico Spolaore & Alberto Alesina & Romain Wacziarg, 2000. "Economic Integration and Political Disintegration," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 90(5), pages 1276-1296, December.
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