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Bringing Hirschman Back In: Conceptualizing Transnational Migration as a Reconfiguration of "Exit", "Voice", and "Loyalty"

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  • Hoffmann, Bert

Abstract

Albert O. Hirschman's scheme of 'exit and voice', long a classic in the study of migration and its political implications, was conceived within the framework of 'methodological nationalism'. However, the rise of migrant transnationalism is eroding the classic migration paradigm. Combining theoretical considerations with empirical insights from Latin American cases, this paper argues that a critical reappraisal of Hirschman's scheme provides a helpful heuristic tool for conceptualizing the new character of today's transnational migration. Whereas in the traditional approach to international migration the options of exit, voice, and loyalty are considered to be mutually exclusive, transnational migration can be defined precisely by the overlapping and simultaneity of these categories.

Suggested Citation

  • Hoffmann, Bert, 2008. "Bringing Hirschman Back In: Conceptualizing Transnational Migration as a Reconfiguration of "Exit", "Voice", and "Loyalty"," GIGA Working Papers 91, GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:gigawp:91
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    Cited by:

    1. Edward Bergman, 2011. "Hirschmann Mobility Among Academics of Highly Ranked EU Research Universities," ERSA conference papers ersa11p1134, European Regional Science Association.

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