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Changes in the Ownership and Governance of Securities Exchanges: Causes and Consequences

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  • Benn Steil

Abstract

Over the past five years we have witnessed substantial changes in the ownership and governance structures of securities exchanges, particularly in Europe. Recent surveys indicate that a substantial majority of the world’s exchanges would like to “demutualize” in the coming years. The concept of demutualization remains a hazy one, however, along multiple dimensions: the factors that distinguish a demutualized from a mutualized exchange, the factors that motivate demutualization, and the implications of demutualization for the way in which exchanges are regulated. In seeking to clarify the meaning of demutualization, we hope as well to clarify the sources of conflict between the role of an exchange as a commercial enterprise acting in the interests of its owners and its role as a quasi-regulatory body. Government regulators around the world have expressed concern about the effect of exchange ownership and governance reforms on the ability of exchanges to meet the self-regulatory obligations devolved to them. Mutuality and self-regulation in the public interest are typically seen as going hand-in-hand. As we discuss in some detail, it is this misapprehension that lies at the heart of many concerns directed at demutualization. Regulatory failures are inevitable any time self-regulatory obligations imposed on an exchange conflict with the commercial interests of the exchange’s owners. Such commercial interests are no less powerful for a mutualized exchange than for a demutualized one.

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  • Benn Steil, "undated". "Changes in the Ownership and Governance of Securities Exchanges: Causes and Consequences," Center for Financial Institutions Working Papers 02-15, Wharton School Center for Financial Institutions, University of Pennsylvania.
  • Handle: RePEc:wop:pennin:02-15
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    Cited by:

    1. Claessens, Stijn & Schmukler, Sergio & Klingebiel, Daniela, 2002. "Explaining the Migration of Stocks from Exchanges in Emerging Economies to International Centres," CEPR Discussion Papers 3301, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    2. Ben Slimane, Faten & Padilla Angulo, Laura, 2019. "Strategic change and corporate governance: Evidence from the stock exchange industry," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 206-218.
    3. Otchere, Isaac & Abou-Zied, Khaled, 2008. "Stock exchange demutualization, self-listing and performance: The case of the Australian Stock Exchange," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 512-525, April.
    4. Giovanna Zanotti, 2012. "Demutualization and the Globalization of Stock Markets," Chapters, in: Geoffrey Poitras (ed.), Handbook of Research on Stock Market Globalization, chapter 7, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    5. Otchere, Isaac, 2006. "Stock exchange self-listing and value effects," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 12(5), pages 926-953, December.
    6. Ramos, Sofia B. & von Thadden, Ernst-Ludwig, 2008. "Stock exchange competition in a simple model of capital market equilibrium," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 284-307, August.
    7. Serifsoy, Baris, 2007. "Stock exchange business models and their operative performance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(10), pages 2978-3012, October.
    8. Amira, Khaled & Muzere, Mark L., 2011. "Competition among stock exchanges for equity," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(9), pages 2355-2373, September.
    9. Zimmermann, Jochen & Volmer, Philipp & Werner, Jörg, 2006. "New governance modes for Germany's financial reporting system," TranState Working Papers 34, University of Bremen, Collaborative Research Center 597: Transformations of the State.
    10. John P. Caskey, 2003. "The evolution of the Philadelphia Stock Exchange: 1964-2002," Working Papers 03-21, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    11. Maurizio Polato & Josanco Floreani, 2012. "Consolidation in the Exchange Industry: What are Exchanges Actually Worth? Some Evidence from a Crises Environment," Transition Studies Review, Springer;Central Eastern European University Network (CEEUN), vol. 19(2), pages 195-203, November.
    12. Adamska Agata & Dąbrowski Tomasz J. & Homa Magdalena & Mościbrodzka Monika & Tomaszewski Jacek, 2022. "Demutualization, Corporatization, and Sustainability Initiatives: Evidence from the European Stock Exchange Industry," Journal of Management and Business Administration. Central Europe, Sciendo, vol. 30(3), pages 2-35, September.
    13. Diamond, Stephen F. & Kuan, Jennifer W., 2018. "Are the stock markets “rigged”? An empirical analysis of regulatory change," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 33-40.
    14. Manuela Geranio, 2016. "Evolution of the Exchange Industry," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-319-21027-8, January.
    15. Serra Eren Sarıoğlu, 2012. "Changes In The Corporate Governance And Ownership Structure In Stock Markets: Demutualization Of Istanbul Stock Exchange," Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica, Faculty of Sciences, "1 Decembrie 1918" University, Alba Iulia, vol. 2(14), pages 1-22.
    16. Ben Slimane, FATEN, 2007. "L'Evolution des Marchés Boursiers Européens: Enjeux et limites [European Stock Market Evolution]," MPRA Paper 2607, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    17. Andrew Worthington & Helen Higgs, 2006. "Market Risk in Demutualized Self-Listed Stock Exchanges: An International Analysis of Selected Time-Varying Betas," Global Economic Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(3), pages 239-257.
    18. Baris Serifsoy, 2008. "Demutualization, outsider ownership, and stock exchange performance: empirical evidence," Economics of Governance, Springer, vol. 9(4), pages 305-339, October.
    19. Castelle, Michael & Millo, Yuval & Beunza, Daniel & Lubin, David C., 2016. "Where do electronic markets come from? Regulation and the transformation of financial exchanges," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 68650, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    20. Kobana Abukari & Isaac Otchere, 2020. "Has stock exchange demutualization improved market quality? International evidence," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 55(3), pages 901-934, October.
    21. Michael H. Grote, 2007. "Mobile Marketplaces—Consequences of the Changing Governance of European Stock Exchanges," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(2), pages 260-278, June.
    22. Paolo Casini, 2010. "The industrial organization of financial services in developing and developed countries," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/210176, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.

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