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Access to finance and job growth : firm-level evidence across developing countries

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  • Ayyagari,Meghana
  • Juarros,Pedro Francisco
  • Martinez Peria,Maria Soledad
  • Singh,Sandeep

Abstract

This paper investigates the effect of access to finance on job growth in 50,000 firms across 70 developing countries. Using the introduction of credit bureaus as an exogenous shock to the supply of credit, the paper finds that increased access to finance results in higher employment growth, especially among micro, small, and medium enterprises. The results are robust to using firm fixed effects, industry measures of external finance dependence, and propensity score matching in a complementary panel data set of more than four million firms in 29 developing countries. The findings have implications for policy interventions targeted to produce job growth in micro, small, and medium enterprises.

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  • Ayyagari,Meghana & Juarros,Pedro Francisco & Martinez Peria,Maria Soledad & Singh,Sandeep, 2016. "Access to finance and job growth : firm-level evidence across developing countries," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7604, The World Bank.
  • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:7604
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    Cited by:

    1. Wang, Xiaodong & Han, Liang & Huang, Xing, 2020. "Bank market power and SME finance: Firm-bank evidence from European countries," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    2. Coulibaly, Aïssata & Yogo, Urbain Thierry, 2020. "The path to shared prosperity: Leveraging financial services outreach to create decent jobs in developing countries," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 131-147.
    3. Ainembabazi John Herbert & Francis H. Kemeze, 2022. "Working Paper 366 - Remittances and employment in family-owned firms: Evidence from Nigeria and Uganda," Working Paper Series 2492, African Development Bank.
    4. Rojas Cama, Freddy A. & Emara, Noha, 2022. "Financial inclusion and gross capital formation: A sectoral analysis approach for the MENA region and EMs," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    5. Mirgul Nizaeva & Ali Coskun, 2019. "Investigating the Relationship Between Financial Constraint and Growth of SMEs in South Eastern Europe," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(3), pages 21582440198, September.
    6. Florian Leon & Samuel Monteiro, 2019. "Financial constraints, factor combination and Gibrat's law in Africa," Working Papers hal-02493343, HAL.
    7. Neil Lee & Davide Luca, 2019. "The big-city bias in access to finance: evidence from firm perceptions in almost 100 countries," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 19(1), pages 199-224.
    8. Nwakego Eyisi & Hyacinth E. Ichoku & Asma Kanwal, 2024. "Front-end Innovation and Top Income Inequality: Evidence from Emerging Markets," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(1), pages 1437-1481, March.
    9. Quan Tran & Anh‐Tuan Doan & Thao Tran, 2021. "Small and medium enterprises' credit access, ownership structure and job development," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(4), pages 710-735, December.
    10. Lokman, Azarahiah & Masih, Mansur, 2016. "What drives banks’ willingness to lend to SMEs? An ARDL approach," MPRA Paper 72113, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Fox,Louise & Kaul,Upaasna, 2018. "The evidence is in : how should youth employment programs in low-income countries be designed ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 8500, The World Bank.
    12. Catherine Y. Co & Thu Kim Nguyen & Tung Nhu Nguyen & Que Nguyet Tran, 2017. "The missing middle: Growing and strengthening Vietnam's micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2017-72, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    13. Sommer, Christoph, 2021. "The impact of patient capital on job quality, investments and firm performance: Cross-country evidence on long-term finance," IDOS Discussion Papers 6/2021, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    14. Anh‐Tuan Doan & Anh‐Tuan Le & Quan Tran, 2020. "Economic uncertainty, ownership structure and small and medium enterprises performance," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(2), pages 102-137, June.
    15. Aysa Ipek Erdogan, 2023. "Drivers of SME Growth: Quantile Regression Evidence From Developing Countries," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(1), pages 21582440231, March.
    16. Hosny Amr, 2017. "Political Stability, Firm Characteristics and Performance: Evidence from 6,083 Private Firms in the Middle East," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, vol. 13(1), pages 1-21, April.
    17. Ouédraogo, Rasmané & Sawadogo, Relwendé & Sawadogo, Hamidou, 2021. "Access to the banking sector and employment in Africa," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 260-269.
    18. Rym Ayadi & Sami Ben Naceur & Mohamed Goaied, 2021. "Financial development and employment: New panel evidence," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 50(2), July.
    19. Le, Anh-Tuan & Doan, Anh-Tuan, 2020. "Corruption and financial fragility of small and medium enterprises: International evidence," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 57.

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    Keywords

    Economic Theory&Research; Industrial Economics; Economic Growth;
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