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State policies and women's autonomy in China, India, and the Republic of Korea, 1950-2000 : lessons from contrasting experiences

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Listed:
  • Das Gupta, Monica
  • Sunhwa Lee
  • Uberoi, Patricia
  • Danning Wang
  • Lihong Wang
  • Xiaodan Zhang

Abstract

The authors compare changes in gender roles and women's empowerment in China, India, and the Republic of Korea. Around 1950, these newly formed states were largely poor and agrarian, with common cultural factors that placed similar severe constraints on women's autonomy. They adopted very different paths of development, which are well known to have profoundly affected development outcomes. These choices have also had a tremendous impact on gender outcomes, and today these countries show striking differences in the extent of gender equity achieved. China has achieved the most gender equity, the Republic of Korea the least. The authors conclude that: a) States can exert enormous influence over gender equity. They can mitigate cultural constraints on women's autonomy (as in China and India) or slow the pace of change in gender equity despite women's rapid integration into education, formal employment, and urbanization (as in the Republic ofKorea). b) The impact of policies to provide opportunities for women's empowerment can be greatly enhanced if accompanied by communication efforts to alter cultural values that place heavy constraints on women's access to those opportunities.

Suggested Citation

  • Das Gupta, Monica & Sunhwa Lee & Uberoi, Patricia & Danning Wang & Lihong Wang & Xiaodan Zhang, 2000. "State policies and women's autonomy in China, India, and the Republic of Korea, 1950-2000 : lessons from contrasting experiences," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2497, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:2497
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Won-Young Lee, 1997. "The Case of Korea," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Peter J. Buckley & Jaime Campos & Hafiz Mirza & Eduardo White (ed.), International Technology Transfer by Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, chapter 14, pages 406-431, Palgrave Macmillan.
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    Cited by:

    1. Srinivas Goli & Somya Arora & Neha Jain & Sekher T. V., 2024. "Patrilocality and Child Sex Ratios in India," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 43(4), pages 1-28, August.
    2. Anderson, Siwan & Genicot, Garance, 2015. "Suicide and property rights in India," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 64-78.
    3. Lanyan Chen & Hilary Standing, 2007. "Gender equity in transitional China's healthcare policy reforms," Feminist Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(3-4), pages 189-212.
    4. Monica Das Gupta & Jiang Zhenghua & Li Bohua & Xie Zhenming & Woojin Chung & Bae Hwa-Ok, 2003. "Why is Son preference so persistent in East and South Asia? a cross-country study of China, India and the Republic of Korea," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(2), pages 153-187.
    5. Das Gupta, Monica & Chung, Woojin & Shuzhuo, Li, 2009. "Is there an incipient turnaround in Asia's"missing girls"phenomenon ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4846, The World Bank.
    6. Neha Jain, 2022. "Patrilocality and Child Sex Ratios in India," Working Papers 2265, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade.

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    Keywords

    Health Monitoring&Evaluation; Agricultural Knowledge&Information Systems; Anthropology; Population&Development; Primary Education;
    All these keywords.

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