How Selling Online Is Affecting Informal Firms in South Asia

Understanding how e-commerce platforms are affecting the small, informal firms that sellon them is a question of growing importance to researchers and policy makers in developing countries. This paperexamines this question using data from surveys of firms selling on two e-commerce platforms in South Asia. Thebusinesses selling on these platforms range widely in terms of size, degree of formalization, and other characteristics.However, these firms -- even the micro and small ones, which tend to be informal -- are from a selected group, beingowned and managed by individuals who are more educated and younger than the owners and managers of more typical firmsin this setting. The sellers' main reason for joining the platforms is to access more customers. Most of thesellers report an expansion of their business after joining the platforms. They also report an increase in theirincentive to register their business and their visibility to tax authorities. Other, less widespread channels of impactreported by the firms include the adoption of new or improved business practices and technologies, better accessto finance, and greater flexibility in balancing home and work life. In general, these reported impacts do not varysignificantly by firm size or degree of formalization, suggesting that even informal, small firms that have(selectively) joined e-commerce platforms can benefit from the greater market access facilitated by the platforms.Finally, given size and age, firms that have been selling on the platform for a longer period are more likely toexperience these impacts, suggesting that firms learn how to use the platform more effectively over time.