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On the Effectiveness of Gendering Politics

Author

Listed:
  • Arcangelo Dimico

    (Queens’ University Belfast)

  • Francesco Lancia

    (Department of Economics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice; CEPR)

  • Alessia Russo

    (University of Padua; CEPR)

Abstract

We examine the effectiveness of gender reforms in increasing women's representation in selected offices. We generate exogenous variations in representation at the Italian regional and municipal elections using the passage of two gender reforms: i) party-list gender quotas, a supply-side reform intended to influence party decisions regarding candidacy, and ii) double-gender preference systems, a demand-side reform intended to influence voting decisions on candidates. We show that party-list gender quotas have no effect on the likelihood of women winning a seat, whereas double-gender preference systems are effective in increasing women's representation. Furthermore, we provide evidence that supply-side reforms are susceptible to party-list manipulations, which undermine their effectiveness. In constituencies with a stronger voter gender bias, supply-side reforms may also unintentionally have a negative impact on women's representation in leadership positions.

Suggested Citation

  • Arcangelo Dimico & Francesco Lancia & Alessia Russo, 2023. "On the Effectiveness of Gendering Politics," Working Papers 2023:34, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    • Handle: RePEc:ven:wpaper:2023:34
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gender Reforms; Italian Local Elections; Political Representation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D72 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Political Processes: Rent-seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
    • H52 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Education
    • P16 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Capitalist Institutions; Welfare State

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