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A Comparative Institutional Analysis of Government, NGO and Private Rural Primary Schooling and Pakistan

Author

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  • Sajid Kazmi
  • Zainab Latif
  • Shahrukh Rafi Khan

Abstract

We argue that Pakistan is unlikely to change its human development ranking and bring it closer to its ranking in per-capita GDP until it copes with it's low achievement in basic schooling. This paper draws on the experience of private sector and NGO schools to identify lessons for the government sector, the main provider of basic education. In a principal-agent framework, we compare the institutional effectiveness of rural primary schooling delivery of the government with the NGO and private sectors. Our main findings are that the NGO schools were the most successful in many respects and that "good management" and/or "good leadership" are the key ingredient for sound schooling. Further, if meaningful "participation" is to be achieved in government schools, the power relations between administrators, teachers, and parents need to be addressed.

Suggested Citation

  • Sajid Kazmi & Zainab Latif & Shahrukh Rafi Khan, 2003. "A Comparative Institutional Analysis of Government, NGO and Private Rural Primary Schooling and Pakistan," Working Paper Series, Department of Economics, University of Utah 2003_11, University of Utah, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:uta:papers:2003_11
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    File URL: http://economics.utah.edu/research/publications/2003_11.pdf
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Basic education; NGOs;

    JEL classification:

    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education

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