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Welche Finanz- und Wirtschaftspolitik braucht Europa?

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  • Keuschnigg, Christian

Abstract

Dieser Beitrag erörtert die möglichen Ursachen für das Entstehen der aktuellen Verschuldungs- und Finanzkrise im Euroraum und diskutiert Zukunftsszenarien für die Europäische Union. Nach den jüngsten Beschlüssen zeichnet sich eine institutionelle Weiterentwicklung der Union mit folgenden Elementen ab: (i) stärkere Überwachung und Durchsetzung der Fiskalregeln; (ii) Ausbau des europäischen Stabilitätsfonds ESM zur Kreditvergabe an überschuldete Mitgliedsländer unter strikten Sanierungsauflagen; und (iii) Anhebung der minimalen Eigenkapitalquoten der Banken für mehr Systemstabilität und zur Durchsetzung von mehr Marktdisziplin bei der Kreditvergabe an Mitgliedsstaaten. Die Finanzierungskapazität des Stabilitätsfonds auch mit den aufgestockten Mitteln des IWF dürfte jedoch zu klein sein, um die Gefahr einer systemischen Krise bei drohender Insolvenz von grossen Mitgliedsländern wirksam zu bannen. Auch das Grundproblem einer Währungsunion mit geringer Lohnflexibilität und fixem Wechselkurs, nämlich die Tendenz zu Zahlungsbilanzkrisen aufgrund divergierender Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, bleibt ungelöst. Ein unabhängiger, europäischer Währungsfonds, der Kredite nur gegen strenge Reformauflagen vergibt und in Ausnahmesituationen Zugang zur Refinanzierung bei der EZB hätte, verbunden mit der Option eines freiwilligen Austritts besonders bedrängter Mitgliedsländer, könnte die beschlossenen Reformen wirksam ergänzen.

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  • Keuschnigg, Christian, 2012. "Welche Finanz- und Wirtschaftspolitik braucht Europa?," Economics Working Paper Series 1201, University of St. Gallen, School of Economics and Political Science.
    • Handle: RePEc:usg:econwp:2012:01
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    Cited by:

    1. Hans-Bernd Schäfer, 2012. "The Sovereign Debt Crisis in Europe, Save Banks Not States," European Journal of Comparative Economics, Cattaneo University (LIUC), vol. 9(2), pages 179-195, August.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Staatsschuldenkrise; Währungsunion; Stabilitätsfonds; Fiskalregeln;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • E61 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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