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The Impact of Multi-homing in a Ride-Hailing Market

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Abstract

Platforms such as Uber, Lyft and Airbnb serve two-sided markets with drivers (property owners) on one side and riders (renters) on the other side. Some agents multi-home. In the case of ride-sharing, a driver may drive for both Uber and Lyft, and a rider may use both apps and request a ride from the company that has a driver close by. In this paper, we are interested in welfare implications of multi-homing in such a market. Our model abstracts away from entry/exit by drivers and riders as well as pricing by platforms. Both drivers' and riders' surpluses are determined by the average time between a request and the actual pickup. The benchmark setting is a monopoly platform and the direct comparison is a single-homing duopoly. The former is more efficient since it has a thicker market. Next, we consider two multi-homing settings, multi-homing on the rider side and multi-homing on the driver side. Relative to single-homing duopoly, we find that multi-homing on either side improves the overall welfare. However, multi-homing drivers potentially benefit themselves at the cost of single-homing drivers. In contrast, multi-homing riders benefit themselves as well as single-homing riders, representing a more equitable distribution of gains from multi-homing.

Suggested Citation

  • Oksana Loginova & X. Henry Wang & Qihong Liu, 2020. "The Impact of Multi-homing in a Ride-Hailing Market," Working Papers 2013, Department of Economics, University of Missouri.
    • Handle: RePEc:umc:wpaper:2013
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    Cited by:

    1. Daozhi Zhao & Mingyang Chen, 2019. "Ex-ante versus ex-post destination information model for on-demand service ride-sharing platform," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 279(1), pages 301-341, August.
    2. Huang, Guan & Liang, Yuebing & Zhao, Zhan, 2023. "Understanding market competition between transportation network companies using big data," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    3. Wang, Hai & Yang, Hai, 2019. "Ridesourcing systems: A framework and review," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 122-155.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Ride-hailing platform; two-sided markets; network externalities; multi-homing;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D85 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Network Formation
    • L12 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Monopoly; Monopolization Strategies
    • L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets

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