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Hvorfor er økonomisk vekst geografisk ujevnt fordelt?

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Abstract

Til tross for sin enkelhet, grenser tittelen på dette notatet tilsynelatende til det arrogante i sitt ambisjonsnivå. Spørsmålsstillingen er imidlertid helt fundamental dersom man ønsker å forstå regionalpolitikk: Hva er det som gjør at problemet med ujevn vekst mellom geografiske regioner i det hele tatt oppstår? Tradisjonell vekstteori er en teori om jevn vekst. Vi ønsker derfor å ta denne helt sentrale problemstillingen opp tidlig i vårt forskningsprogram om Innovasjon og Økonomisk Vekst i Regionene, og ikke sirkle som katten rundt den teoretiske grøten. Noe fasitsvar kan vi naturligvis ikke gi, til det er det for meget dagens økonomivitenskap rett og slett ikke vet. Vi mener imidlertid å kunne peke ut økonomiske hovedfaktorer som skaper ujevn vekst. Disse er etter vår oppfatning kjernepunktet i det problemkompleks av økonomiske og sosiale årsaker som i et gjensidig forsterkende samspill produserer de karakteristika som skiller relativt fattige områder fra relativt rike områder. Selv om vi er langt fra noe fasitsvar, tror vi at vi er nærmere en beskrivelse av 'den ettersøkte': Den type økonomiske aktiviteter som skaper regional velstand. Det ligger også en viss trygghet i den danske dikteren Kumbels ord: 'Å vite hva man ikke vet, er òg en slags allvitenhet.' Å gjøre seg denne 'kumbelske allvitenhet' bevisst, er imidlertid en meget sjelden vare blant økonomer (og kanskje også blant andre vitenskapsmenn).

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  • Erik S. Reinert, "undated". "Hvorfor er økonomisk vekst geografisk ujevnt fordelt?," STEP Report series 199419, The STEP Group, Studies in technology, innovation and economic policy.
  • Handle: RePEc:stp:stepre:1994r19
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    JEL classification:

    • B1 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought through 1925
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O20 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - General

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