Special Measures to Investigate Computer Crime

Investigating fraud committed through computer systems requires an increasingly elaborate and innovative methodology due to the fact that judicial bodies are forced to keep up with the accelerated development of criminal networks and advanced techniques for committing computer crimes, the Internet becoming a difficult space controllable and immense for victims and offenders due to its cross-border nature. The complexity of forensic investigations is due to the difficulty in identifying the real author of the crime in question and the timely detection of the commission of computer crimes. The vulnerability associated with computer systems and the multiple possibilities of long-distance action by criminals create advanced levers for forensic investigation of this type of crime. The European Union shows a constant concern for limiting and combating computer crime and has created the general legal framework that allows member states to homogenize national legislation by referring to the Council of Europe Convention of 23.11.2001 on computer crime, strengthened by Directive 2013/40/EU of the Parliament European and Council of 12.08.2013 on attacks against computer systems. Recently, the European Parliament adopted on 13.03.2024 the Regulation on Artificial Intelligence, the first harmonized European legislative proposal in the field of artificial intelligence, a regulation that focuses on the major risks that the authorities must consider. New technologies and the scale of the development and use of artificial intelligence create even greater difficulties for judicial bodies in preventing, detecting, investigating and combating computer crimes.