A Comparative Legal Analysis on Public-Private Partnerships regarding ASEAN community

Since the establishment of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), there have continuous developments, especially the strengthening of cooperation between member countries in the development of measures to provide public services. Providing infrastructures that give citizens quality living standards and satisfaction in the country is a significant commitment that member countries are obliged to embrace. However, governments may not be able to provide all necessary public services due to limitations in technology, professional resources, and budgets. Accordingly, Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) are key. With professional management plans, skilled resources, and advanced technology, these partnerships benefit the government by controlling budgets. Moreover, promoting PPPs stimulates economic growth, resulting in a strong commitment between public and private sectors to developing the country.However, at present, the PPPs of ASEAN member countries are variable since the investment policies of each country may be vague or designed to address unique conditions, as described in ?Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity? (MPAC). Accordingly, requirements set by member countries should be standardized and their legal processes clarified so that private sectors can evaluate the efficiency of an investment and engage with the government's plan confidently. Doing so will enhance economic growth and become part of the sustainable development of ASEAN member countries.