Study of the factors of formation of investment activity in the regions of Russia in 2019-2022[Исследование Факторов Формирования Инвестиционной Активности В Регионах России В 2019-2022 Гг]

The relevance of the work undertaken in RANEPA in 2023 is due to the fact that the implementation of the national development goals of Russia for the period up to 2030, defined by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 21.07.2020 No. 474, presupposes the availability of sufficient investment resources necessary for the creation of new social and industrial facilities in different regions and sectors of the economy. An important condition for solving these problems is the creation of the most favorable conditions in the country and at the regional level for attracting new domestic and foreign investors under the new geopolitical environment. The subject of the study is new methodology for assessing the parameters of the investment climate of the regions of Russia. The purpose of the work is to identify the main factors that determine investment activity in the regions of Russia, to substantiate regional priorities and mechanisms for the implementation of government investment policy and is based on the following tasks undertaken: analysis of methodological approaches and foreign experience in studying the factors of investment activity at the subnational level; analysis of domestic experience in studying investment activity in the regional context; substantiation of the methodological approach for the assessment of the factors of investment activity in the regions of Russia; conducting a retrospective analysis of investment processes in the regions of Russia for the period from the early 2000s to the present, identifying factors of investment activity; substantiation of the modern investment typology of the regions of Russia, reflecting the specific conditions and results of investment activity in the regions; development of proposals to substantiate the priorities of investment policy for the regions of various types. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the fact that a holistic approach has been developed to assess the parameters of the investment climate and an investment typology has been built for the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, taking into account the current factors reflecting crisis phenomena and new geo-economic conditions. The constructed investment typology makes it possible to improve the mechanisms for managing investment processes and the development of investment policy measures in the regional context. Experimental assessments have been obtained that allow for cross-regional comparisons. Research methods applied: the analysis of theoretical and empirical literature, statistical and comparative analysis of the features of regional development, methods of interregional comparisons, index method, multivariate statistical analysis, grouping method, etc. Research results can be used to: determine the directions and tools for the implementation of investment policy in regions of different types, linked to the achievement of national goals, the development of specific mechanisms for the implementation of the government investment policy in the regional context and mechanisms for attracting private investors to implement the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation. The application of the authors’ approach is recommended for informational and methodological support of the regional policy of Russia to increase its effectiveness.