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Disentangling Demand and Supply of Media Bias: The Case of Newspaper Homepages

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Abstract

We introduce a novel method for detecting supply-side media bias without needing information on the ideological leanings of media owners or editors. Focusing on digital homepages, we analyzed over 100,000 articles from The New York Times (NYT) and The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) and 24 million tweets. By controlling for demand-side factors, we attribute extended homepage visibility of ideologically slanted articles to supply-side biases. Liberal articles stay longer on the NYT homepage, while conservative ones persist on WSJ. Further analysis into articles’ transition to print and podcasts suggest that competition may reduce media bias, supporting the presence of supply-side biases.

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  • Leung, Tin Cheuk & Strumpf, Koleman, 2024. "Disentangling Demand and Supply of Media Bias: The Case of Newspaper Homepages," Working Papers 116, Wake Forest University, Economics Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:wfuewp:0116
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    Keywords

    Media Bias; Media Economics; Social Media; Machine Learning;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
    • D72 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Political Processes: Rent-seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
    • D83 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief; Unawareness
    • L82 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Entertainment; Media

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