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Learning Loss and Recovery from the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Evidence

Author

Listed:
  • Dela Cruz, Nina Ashley

    (Lanzhou University)

  • Adona, Ann Jillian

    (University of San Francisco)

  • Molato-Gayares, Rhea

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • Park , Albert

    (Asian Development Bank)

Abstract

This systematic review covers 56 studies that measure the effects of school closures on learning outcomes during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and 20 studies that evaluate the impact of measures to reduce learning loss. It restricts attention to evaluations with credible control groups and provides the first meta-analysis of learning losses that covers more developing countries (21) than developed ones (15). We find that a year of school closure is associated with learning loss equivalent to 1.1 years’ worth of learning and that school reopening mitigates these losses down to 0.5 years. With regard to measures to reduce learning loss, we find that tutoring delivered either in-person or through mobile phones has positive, statistically significant effects on mitigating learning loss.

Suggested Citation

  • Dela Cruz, Nina Ashley & Adona, Ann Jillian & Molato-Gayares, Rhea & Park , Albert, 2024. "Learning Loss and Recovery from the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Evidence," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 717, Asian Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:adbewp:0717
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    File URL: https://www.adb.org/publications/learning-loss-recovery-covid19-pandemic
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    learning loss; COVID-19; education; systematic review; meta-analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy

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