Author
Listed:
- Maria LOREK
(labrii, ULCO)
Abstract
Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons à l’étude des conditions de l’émergence d’un milieu innovateur au sein d’un territoire marqué par une crise de l’industrie lourde. Dans le cadre théorique, nous présentons premièrement, le territoire en tant que milieu innovateur et système de production local. Ce dernier présente deux aspects : un aspect matériel du SPL et un aspect immatériel et cognitif du milieu. Le passage d’une logique hiérarchique à une logique horizontale contribue à la restructuration des activités économiques. Partant du principe de la réciprocité, l’innovation est devenue primordiale. Le milieu innovateur apparaît en tant qu’incubateur de l’innovation au sein du système de production local. Deuxièmement, nous mettons l’accent sur le concept des pôles de croissance défendu par François Perroux, et ce, afin de mettre en avant la nouvelle combinaison des relations entre les PME et les grandes entreprises au sein du système de production local. Nous nous focalisons plus particulièrement sur la création de pôles de hautes technologies ainsi que sur leur fonctionnement au sein du SPL. Nous allons utiliser la combinaison de ces concepts théoriques pour analyser la transformation du système de production local de Gdansk (Pologne). Dans le cadre de l’analyse empirique, nous démontrons que l’innovation joue un rôle favorable au développement économique de Gdansk. The aim of this research is to analyze essential conditions for the emergence of the innovative milieu in a territory marked by crisis affecting local heavy industries. Territory is introduced as an innovative milieu and as a local production system (LPS). Then, two aspects are considered: a material one and an immaterial and cognitive one. Moving from hierarchical logic to horizontal logic contributes to understanding and to restructuring economic activities. Within this logic, and based upon the principle of reciprocity, innovation has become essential. The innovative milieu appears as the incubator of innovation in the system of local production. Within this milieu, the concept of growth poles, defended by Francois Perroux, emphasizes the new relationship between SME and big enterprises the system of local production. Emphasis, particularly, is placed upon the creation of high-tech poles and on their functioning in the LPS. This combination of theoretical concepts becomes the basis for analyzing the transformation of the LPS in Gdansk. Innovation plays a major role in the enhancement of Gdansk’s economic development; it is shown, within the framework of the empirical study.
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Keywords
Territorial economy;
Innovative milieu;
Gdansk;
System of local production;
All these keywords.
JEL classification:
- R38 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Government Policy
- O25 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Industrial Policy
- P21 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist and Transition Economies - - - Planning, Coordination, and Reform
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