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Can Immigration Cause Local Industrialization? Evidence from Germany’s Post-War Population Transfer

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  • Michael Peters

    (Yale University)

Abstract

Can increases in the size of the local population spur economic development? This paper uses a particular historical episode to study this question empirically. After the Second World War, between 1945 and 1948, about 12m Ethnic Germans were expelled from regions in Middle and Eastern Europe and transferred to Western Germany. At the time, this inflow amounted to almost 20% of the Western German population. Importantly, there are vast cross-sectional differences in the extent to which refugees were allocated to individual counties and various features of the allocation mechanism make it possible to construct exogenous variation in these local supply shocks. I study the effect of such shocks on Germany's regional economic development between 1950 and 1970. I find that refugee-inflows are positively correlated with local income per capita and manufacturing employment. These patterns are consistent with theories of agglomeration and endogenous technological change but harder to reconcile in a neoclassical framework.

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  • Michael Peters, 2017. "Can Immigration Cause Local Industrialization? Evidence from Germany’s Post-War Population Transfer," 2017 Meeting Papers 352, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    • Handle: RePEc:red:sed017:352
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    Cited by:

    1. Pham, Tho & Talavera, Oleksandr & Wu, Zhuangchen, 2023. "Labor markets during war time: Evidence from online job advertisements," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(4), pages 1316-1333.
    2. Fabian Eckert & Conor Walsh & Mads Hejlesen, 2018. "The Return to Big City Experience: Evidence from Danish Refugees," 2018 Meeting Papers 1214, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    3. Maissa Khatib & Tanya Purwar & Rushabh Shah & Maricarmen Vizcaino & Luciano Castillo, 2024. "Empowerment and integration of refugee women: a transdisciplinary approach," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-18, December.

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