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Mixed Strategies in the Indefinitely Repeated Prisoner's Dilemma

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  • Julian Romero
  • Yaroslav Rosokha

Abstract

Identifying the strategies that are played is critical to understanding behavior in repeated games. This process is dicult because only choices (not strategies) are observable. Recently, a debate has emerged regarding whether subjects play mixed strategies in the indefinitely repeated prisoner's dilemma. We use an experimental approach to elicit mixed strategies from human subjects, thereby providing direct empirical evidence. We find that a majority of subjects use mixed strategies. However, the data also suggest subjects' strategies are becoming less mixed over time, and move toward three focal pure strategies: Tit-For-Tat, Grim-Trigger, and Always Defect. We use the elicited strategies to provide an empirically-relevant foundation for analyzing commonly used mixture model estimation procedures.

Suggested Citation

  • Julian Romero & Yaroslav Rosokha, 2023. "Mixed Strategies in the Indefinitely Repeated Prisoner's Dilemma," Purdue University Economics Working Papers 1347, Purdue University, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:pur:prukra:1347
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