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Locked Down, Lashing Out: Situational Triggers and Hateful Behavior Towards Minority Ethnic Immigrants

Author

Listed:
  • Dipoppa Dipoppa

    (Stanford University)

  • Guy Grossman

    (University of Pennsylvania)

  • Stephanie Zonszein

    (University of Pennsylvania)

Abstract

Covid-19 caused a significant health and economic crisis, a condition identified as conducive to stigmatization and hateful behavior against minority groups. It is however unclear whether the threat of infection triggers violence in addition to stigmatization, and whether a violent reaction can happen at the onset of an unexpected economic shock before social hierarchies can be disrupted. Using a novel database of hate crimes across Italy, we show that (i) hate crimes against Asians increased substantially at the pandemic onset, and that (ii) the increase was concentrated in cities with higher expected unemployment, but not higher mortality. We then examine individual, local and national mobilization as mechanisms. We find that (iii) local far-right institutions motivate hate crimes, while we find no support for the role of individual prejudice and national discourse. Our study identifies new conditions triggering hateful behavior, advancing our understanding of factors hindering migrant integration.

Suggested Citation

  • Dipoppa Dipoppa & Guy Grossman & Stephanie Zonszein, 2021. "Locked Down, Lashing Out: Situational Triggers and Hateful Behavior Towards Minority Ethnic Immigrants," Empirical Studies of Conflict Project (ESOC) Working Papers 23, Empirical Studies of Conflict Project.
    • Handle: RePEc:pri:esocpu:23
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    File URL: https://esoc.princeton.edu/WP23
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Mario Carillo & Gemma Dipoppa & Shanker Satyanath, 2023. "Fascist ideology and migrant labor exploitation," Economics Working Papers 1865, Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
    2. Hoseini,Mohammad & Dideh,Mahsa Jahan, 2022. "How Do Shared Experiences of Economic Shocks Impact Refugees and Host Communities ? Evidence fromAfghan Refugees in Iran," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9915, The World Bank.
    3. Carr, Joel & James, Jonathan & Clifton-Sprigg, Joanna & Vujic, Suncica, 2022. "Hate in the Time of COVID-19: Racial Crimes against East Asians," IZA Discussion Papers 15718, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Abraham, Samira S. & Lanzara, Gianandrea & Lazzaroni, Sara & Masella, Paolo & Squicciarini, Mara P., 2024. "Spatial and historical drivers of fake news diffusion: Evidence from anti-Muslim discrimination in India," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    5. Myers, Emily & Sacks, Audrey & Tellez, Juan F. & Wibbels, Erik, 2024. "Forced displacement, social cohesion, and the state: Evidence from eight new studies," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    6. Samira S. Abraham & Gianandrea Lanzara & Sara Lazzaroni & Paolo Masella & Mara P. Squicciarini, 2023. "The Spatial Drivers of Discrimination: Evidence From Anti-Muslim Fake News in India," Working Papers wp1180, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Universita' di Bologna.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Italy; Hate Crimes; Intergroup violence; Prejudice; Economic crisis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D74 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions
    • D91 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • P46 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Other Economic Systems - - - Consumer Economics; Health; Education and Training; Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Poverty

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