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Regional Income Disparities and Convergence Clubs in Indonesia: New District-Level Evidence 2000-2017

Author

Listed:
  • Aginta, Harry
  • Gunawan, Anang Budi
  • Mendez, Carlos

Abstract

Reducing regional income disparities is a central challenge for promoting sustainable development in Indonesia. In particular, the prospect for these disparities to be reduced in the post-decentralization period has become a major concern for policymakers in Indonesia. Motivated by this background, this paper re-examines the regional convergence hypothesis at the district level in Indonesia over the 2000-2017 period. Using a novel data set, this study investigates the formation of multiple convergence clubs using non-linear dynamic factor model. The results indicate that Indonesian districts form five convergence clubs, implying that the growth of income per capita in 514 districts can be clustered into five common trends. From the lens of spatial distribution, two common occasions can be observed. First, districts belonging to the the same province tend be in the same club and second, the highest club is dominated by districts with specific characteristic (i.e., big cities or natural resources rich regions). From a policy standpoint, the identification of multiple convergence clubs at significantly different levels of income allows regional policy makers to identify districts facing similar challenges.

Suggested Citation

  • Aginta, Harry & Gunawan, Anang Budi & Mendez, Carlos, 2020. "Regional Income Disparities and Convergence Clubs in Indonesia: New District-Level Evidence 2000-2017," MPRA Paper 99079, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:99079
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    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/104264/9/MPRA_paper_104264.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Syed Basher & Francesca Di Iorio & Stefano Fachin, 2020. "Regional Income Dynamics in Bangladesh: The Road to a Balanced Development is in the Middle," DSS Empirical Economics and Econometrics Working Papers Series 2021/1, Centre for Empirical Economics and Econometrics, Department of Statistics, "Sapienza" University of Rome.
    3. Harry Aginta, 2021. "Spatial dynamics of consumer price in Indonesia: convergence clubs and conditioning factors," Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, Springer, vol. 5(2), pages 427-451, June.
    4. Mitsuhiko Kataoka & Al-Ikram Taupan Darangina, 2023. "Imperial Manila syndrome in poverty reduction: a province-level spatial distribution analysis," Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 1-28, March.
    5. Muhammad Hidayat & Nasri Bachtiar & Sjafrizal Sjafrizal & Elvina Primayesa, 2022. "Does Investment and Energy Infrastructure Influence Convergence in Sumatra Island, Indonesia?," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(4), pages 274-281, July.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    regional income inequality; convergence; districts; Indonesia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence
    • R10 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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