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Leontief Paradox Explored A New Trade Pattern When Countries Have Different Technologies

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  • Guo, Baoping

Abstract

The trade pattern can be counted as the number one topic for international economics. Based either on the concept of Trefler’s effective factor endowments (Trfler, 1993) or on the concept of Fisher and Marshall’s virtual factor endowments (Fisher and Marshall, 2008), the trade pattern described by Leontief tests is right. This paper demonstrates that there are three trade patterns: the Heckscher-Ohlin trade, the Leontief trade, and the factor conversion trade (or one-side Leontief trade) when countries have different technologies. Methodologically, the popular sign predictions in empirical studies include both the Leontief trade and the Heckscher-Ohlin trade. Therefore, the sign predictions’ results cannot be used to reject the Leontief paradox. The factor conversion trade occurs when a model is with the existence of factor intensity reversals (FIRs). Many studies have demonstrated evidence of the factor intensity reversals (FIRs). They mean the Leontief trade. Another new finding is that the Leontief trade can occur when FIRs do not present.

Suggested Citation

  • Guo, Baoping, 2015. "Leontief Paradox Explored A New Trade Pattern When Countries Have Different Technologies," MPRA Paper 96929, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Nov 2019.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:96929
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Heckscher-Ohlin-Ricardo model; Heckscher-Ohlin Trade; Leontief Trade; and Conversion Trade; factor content of trade; Leontief Paradox.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • A2 - General Economics and Teaching - - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics
    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration

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