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Selling Souls: An Empirical Analysis of Human Trafficking and Globalization

Author

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  • Majeed, Muhammad Tariq
  • Malik, Amna

Abstract

Purpose: This paper investigates the impact of globalization on human trafficking using a large panel data set of 169 countries from 2001 to 2011. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study explores the contribution of economic, social and political globalization in the trafficking of humans for forced prostitution, forced labor, debt bondages and child soldiers. Moreover, the study investigates the impact of globalization on source (supply) and destination (demand) of human trafficking. This study uses Probit and Oprobit models of panel data for empirical analysis. Findings: Findings of the study show that globalization facilitates human trafficking, particularly, forced prostitution, forced labor and debt bondages while it helps to suppress the demand and supply of child soldiers. The empirical analysis also reveals that these are the mostly poor countries which serve as source of human trafficking while the rich countries are destination of trafficked victims. Research Limitations: The data series over a long period are not available and therefore the sample size is small. Originality/Value: This research paper contributes into the literature on human trafficking and globalization by highlighting the heterogeneity of source and destiny economies in shaping the links of globalization with human trafficking. To the best of our knowledge, it is first study of its kind that provides an empirical analysis of source and destiny of human trafficking with globalization. Moreover, this study considers different dimensions of globalization and human trafficking. Implications: The main message of this research is that as globalization proceeds, human trafficking increases. Therefore, the governments of developing economies need to improve socioeconomic conditions to provide basic necessities of life at home country and the governments of developed countries need to implement strong rule of the law to discourage such practices. Our study is useful in offering insights to policy makers that how to avoid the perils of globalization.

Suggested Citation

  • Majeed, Muhammad Tariq & Malik, Amna, 2017. "Selling Souls: An Empirical Analysis of Human Trafficking and Globalization," MPRA Paper 88850, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:88850
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Danailova-Trainor, Gergana. & Belser, Patrick., 2006. "Globalization and the illicit market for human trafficking : an empirical analysis of supply and demand," ILO Working Papers 993953733402676, International Labour Organization.
    2. repec:ilo:ilowps:395339 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. repec:ilo:ilowps:395373 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Peerapeng, Suk-Rutai & Chaitip, Prasert & Chaiboonsri, Chukiat & Kovacs, Sandor & Balogh, Peter, 2013. "Impact Of Economic Globalization On The Human Trafficking In The Greater Mekong Sub-Region Countries," APSTRACT: Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce, AGRIMBA, vol. 6(5), pages 1-8, April.
    5. Larry A. Sjaastad, 1970. "The Costs and Returns of Human Migration," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Harry W. Richardson (ed.), Regional Economics, chapter 9, pages 115-133, Palgrave Macmillan.
    6. Hernandez, Diego & Rudolph, Alexandra, 2015. "Modern day slavery: What drives human trafficking in Europe?," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 118-139.
    7. Cho, Seo-Young & Dreher, Axel & Neumayer, Eric, 2013. "Does Legalized Prostitution Increase Human Trafficking?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 67-82.
    8. Everett Lee, 1966. "A theory of migration," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 3(1), pages 47-57, March.
    9. World Bank, 2014. "World Development Indicators 2014," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 18237.
    10. Danailova-Trainor, Gergana. & Belser, Patrick., 2006. "Globalization and the illicit market for human trafficking : an empirical analysis of supply and demand," ILO Working Papers 993953393402676, International Labour Organization.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Yselle Flora Kuete Malah & Simplice Asongu, 2021. "An empirical analysis of human trafficking in an era of globalization," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 49(7), pages 1269-1283, October.
    2. Muhammad Tariq Majeed & Faiza Kiran, 2019. "Women’s decision making power and child labor: evidence from Pakistan," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 53(4), pages 2175-2197, July.
    3. Muhammad Tariq Majeed & Shamsa Kanwal, 2019. "The Global Integration and Transmission of Social Values: A Case of Family Ties," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 141(2), pages 703-729, January.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Human Trafficking; Globalization; Probit and Oprobit Models;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F60 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - General
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers

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