Um panorama da matriz produtiva de celulose no Cone Sul: caracterização, configuração e produção[An overview of the pulp production matrix in the Southern Cone: characterization, configuration and production]

The global pulp industry has recently undergone significant changes related to its location because of new investments in the Southern Hemisphere, especially in the Southern Cone (Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay). This localization strategy is mainly due to the excellent adaptation of eucalyptus in the region (which provides remarkable productivity at a lower cost), combined with strong demand growth in emerging countries. Thus, this paper characterizes the production matrix of bleached wood pulp in the Southern Cone, highlighting the peculiarities of each of the four Southern Cone countries. The study revealed the formation of three distinct arrays of production and a major pulp production complex, defined by three elements: the know-how in the production of pulp from eucalyptus trees, the inflow of foreign funds invested in the sector and the positioning of this region as the second greatest exporter in the world.