IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/75964.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Non-performing loans and Financial Development: New Evidence

Author

Listed:
  • Ozili, Peterson K

Abstract

This paper examine the relationship between non-performing loans (NPLs) and financial (sector) development. The study is motivated by the scant knowledge on how financial development structures impact non-performing loans across banking sectors around the world. In the pooled full country empirical analysis, we find that (i) private credit to GDP ratio is positively associated with non-performing loans, (ii) NPLs are inversely associated with bank efficiency, loan loss coverage, banking competition and banking system stability, and (iii) NPL is positively associated with foreign bank presence, banking crises and bank concentration. We also find that efficient and stable banking sectors experience higher non-performing loans. In the regional empirical analysis, NPLs are negatively associated with regulatory capital ratio and bank liquidity while the graphical analysis show that NPLs are inversely related to financial development and profitability in several regions.

Suggested Citation

  • Ozili, Peterson K, 2017. "Non-performing loans and Financial Development: New Evidence," MPRA Paper 75964, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:75964
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/75964/1/MPRA_paper_75964.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/92209/1/MPRA_paper_75964.pdf
    File Function: revised version
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/80231/1/MPRA_paper_80231.pdf
    File Function: revised version
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/90333/1/MPRA_paper_90333.pdf
    File Function: revised version
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/92211/1/MPRA_paper_90333.pdf
    File Function: revised version
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/92338/1/MPRA_paper_90333.pdf
    File Function: revised version
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/92476/1/MPRA_paper_90333.pdf
    File Function: revised version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jiménez, Gabriel & Lopez, Jose A. & Saurina, Jesús, 2013. "How does competition affect bank risk-taking?," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 9(2), pages 185-195.
    2. Niels Hermes & Robert Lensink, 2004. "Foreign Bank Presence, Domestic Bank Performance and Financial Development," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 3(2), pages 207-229, August.
    3. Foos, Daniel & Norden, Lars & Weber, Martin, 2010. "Loan growth and riskiness of banks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(12), pages 2929-2940, December.
    4. Ross Levine, 1997. "Financial Development and Economic Growth: Views and Agenda," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 35(2), pages 688-726, June.
    5. Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli & Huizinga, Harry, 2010. "Bank activity and funding strategies: The impact on risk and returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(3), pages 626-650, December.
    6. Laeven, Luc & Levine, Ross, 2009. "Bank governance, regulation and risk taking," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(2), pages 259-275, August.
    7. Ozili, PK, 2015. "How Bank Managers Anticipate Non-Performing Loans. Evidence from Europe, US, Asia and Africa," MPRA Paper 63681, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Mariassunta Giannetti & Steven Ongena, 2009. "Financial Integration and Firm Performance: Evidence from Foreign Bank Entry in Emerging Markets," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 13(2), pages 181-223.
    9. P. K. Ozili, 2015. "How Bank Managers Anticipate Non-Performing Loans Evidence from Europe, US, Asia and Africa," Applied Finance and Accounting, Redfame publishing, vol. 1(2), pages 73-80, August.
    10. Ozili, Peterson, K, 2016. "Bank Profitability and Capital Regulation: Evidence from Listed and non-Listed Banks in Africa," MPRA Paper 75856, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Louzis, Dimitrios P. & Vouldis, Angelos T. & Metaxas, Vasilios L., 2012. "Macroeconomic and bank-specific determinants of non-performing loans in Greece: A comparative study of mortgage, business and consumer loan portfolios," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 1012-1027.
    12. Bruna Skarica, 2014. "Determinants of non-performing loans in Central and Eastern European countries," Financial Theory and Practice, Institute of Public Finance, vol. 38(1), pages 37-59.
    13. John H. Boyd & Gianni De Nicoló, 2005. "The Theory of Bank Risk Taking and Competition Revisited," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(3), pages 1329-1343, June.
    14. Dimitrios, Anastasiou & Helen, Louri & Mike, Tsionas, 2016. "Determinants of non-performing loans: Evidence from Euro-area countries," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 116-119.
    15. Abdelkader Boudriga & Neila Boulila Taktak & Sana Jellouli, 2009. "Banking supervision and nonperforming loans: a cross‐country analysis," Journal of Financial Economic Policy, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 1(4), pages 286-318, November.
    16. Wilko Bolt & Alexander F. Tieman, 2004. "Banking Competition, Risk and Regulation," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 106(4), pages 783-804, December.
    17. Mr. Raphael A Espinoza & Mr. Ananthakrishnan Prasad, 2010. "Nonperforming Loans in the GCC Banking System and their Macroeconomic Effects," IMF Working Papers 2010/224, International Monetary Fund.
    18. Roland Beck & Petr Jakubik & Anamaria Piloiu, 2015. "Key Determinants of Non-performing Loans: New Evidence from a Global Sample," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 26(3), pages 525-550, July.
    19. Jan Willem Van den End, 2016. "A macroprudential approach to address liquidity risk with the loan-to-deposit ratio," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(3), pages 237-253, February.
    20. Robert DeYoung & Tara Rice, 2004. "Noninterest Income and Financial Performance at U.S. Commercial Banks," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 39(1), pages 101-127, February.
    21. Manove, Michael & Padilla, A Jorge & Pagano, Marco, 2001. "Collateral versus Project Screening: A Model of Lazy Banks," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 32(4), pages 726-744, Winter.
    22. Nir Klein, 2013. "Non-Performing Loans in CESEE: Determinants and Impact on Macroeconomic Performance," IMF Working Papers 2013/072, International Monetary Fund.
    23. Svetozar Tanasković & Maja Jandrić, 2015. "Macroeconomic and Institutional Determinants of Non-performing Loans," Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, Central bank of Montenegro, vol. 4(1), pages 47-62.
    24. Rosie Smith & Christos Staikouras & Geoffrey Wood, 2003. "Non-interest income and total income stability," Bank of England working papers 198, Bank of England.
    25. Mohd Zaini Abd Karim & Sok-Gee Chan & Sallahudin Hassan, 2010. "Bank Efficiency and Non-Performing Loans: Evidence from Malaysia and Singapore," Prague Economic Papers, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2010(2), pages 118-132.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Noel, Dorian M. & Bangwayo-Skeete, Prosper F. & Brei, Michael & Robinson, Justin, 2021. "Sovereign risk spill-overs in the banking sectors of Central America and the Caribbean," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    2. Cândida Ferreira, 2022. "Determinants of Non-performing Loans: A Panel Data Approach," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 28(3), pages 133-153, November.
    3. Fatima Zohra Marouf & Zeyneb Guellil, 2017. "The Macroeconomic Determinants of Credit Risk: The Algerian Banking System," MIC 2017: Managing the Global Economy; Proceedings of the Joint International Conference, Monastier di Treviso, Italy, 24–27 May 2017,, University of Primorska Press.
    4. Alin Marius ANDRIEȘ & Sabina CAZAN & Nicu SPRINCEAN, 2022. "The Nexus between Bank M&As and Financial Development," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(2), pages 5-28, April.
    5. Imola Drigă, 2017. "Financial Intermediation after the Financial Crisis," Annals of the University of Petrosani, Economics, University of Petrosani, Romania, vol. 17(2), pages 43-50.
    6. Malik, Amina & Din, Shahab Ud & Shafiq, Muhammad & Butt, Babar Zaheer & Aziz, Haroon, 2019. "Earning Management and the Likelihood of Financial Distress in Banks — Evidence from Pakistani Commercial Banks," Public Finance Quarterly, Corvinus University of Budapest, vol. 64(2), pages 208-221.
    7. Marwa Elnahass & Mohamed Marie & Mohammed Elgammal, 2022. "Terrorist attacks and bank financial stability: evidence from MENA economies," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 59(1), pages 383-427, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Brei, Michael & Jacolin, Luc & Noah, Alphonse, 2020. "Credit risk and bank competition in Sub-Saharan Africa," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 44(C).
    2. Sascha Tobias Wengerek & Benjamin Hippert & André Uhde, 2019. "Risk allocation through securitization - Evidence from non-performing loans," Working Papers Dissertations 58, Paderborn University, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics.
    3. Candida Ferreira, 2023. "The Influence of Bank Performance, Market Condition and Economic Growth on Non-Performing Loansa," World Journal of Applied Economics, WERI-World Economic Research Institute, vol. 9(1), pages 77-98, June.
    4. Muhammad Umar & Gang Sun, 2016. "Non-performing loans (NPLs), liquidity creation, and moral hazard: Case of Chinese banks," China Finance and Economic Review, Springer, vol. 4(1), pages 1-23, December.
    5. Škrabić Perić, Blanka & Rimac Smiljanić, Ana & Aljinović, Zdravka, 2018. "Credit risk of subsidiaries of foreign banks in CEE countries: Impacts of the parent bank and home country economic environment," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 49-69.
    6. Maryem Naili & Younes Lahrichi, 2022. "The determinants of banks' credit risk: Review of the literature and future research agenda," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(1), pages 334-360, January.
    7. Anastasiou, Dimitrios, 2017. "Is ex-post credit risk affected by the cycles? The case of Italian banks," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 242-248.
    8. Nurfilzah Arham & Mohd Shamlie Salisi & Rozita Uji Mohammed & Jasman Tuyon, 2020. "Impact of macroeconomic cyclical indicators and country governance on bank non-performing loans in Emerging Asia," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 10(4), pages 707-726, December.
    9. Maria Karadima & Helen Louri, 2019. "Non-performing loans in the euro area: does market power matter?," Working Papers 271, Bank of Greece.
    10. Mariagrazia Fallanca & Antonio Fabio Forgione & Edoardo Otranto, 2021. "Do the Determinants of Non-Performing Loans Have a Different Effect over Time? A Conditional Correlation Approach," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, January.
    11. Imad Jabbouri & Maryem Naili, 2020. "Determinants of Nonperforming Loans in Emerging Markets: Evidence from the MENA Region," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(04), pages 1-33, February.
    12. Kandela Ramesh, 2019. "Bad Loans of Public Sector Banks in India: A Panel Data Study," Emerging Economy Studies, International Management Institute, vol. 5(1), pages 22-30, May.
    13. Radivojević, Nikola & Cvijanović, Drago & Sekulic, Dejan & Pavlovic, Dejana & Jovic, Srdjan & Maksimović, Goran, 2019. "Econometric model of non-performing loans determinants," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 520(C), pages 481-488.
    14. Teodor Hada & Nicoleta Bărbuță-Mișu & Iulia Cristina Iuga & Dorin Wainberg, 2020. "Macroeconomic Determinants of Nonperforming Loans of Romanian Banks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-19, September.
    15. Suarez, Javier & Sánchez Serrano, Antonio, 2018. "Approaching non-performing loans from a macroprudential angle," Report of the Advisory Scientific Committee 7, European Systemic Risk Board.
    16. Mehmet Levent Erdas & Zeynep Ezanoglu, 2022. "How Do Bank-Specific Factors Impact Non-Performing Loans: Evidence from G20 Countries," Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, Central bank of Montenegro, vol. 11(2), pages 97-122.
    17. Ghosh, Saibal, 2019. "Loan delinquency in banking systems: How effective are credit reporting systems?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 220-236.
    18. Haithem Awijen & Younes Ben Zaied & Ahmed Imran Hunjra, 2023. "Systematic and Unsystematic Determinants of Sectoral Risk Default Interconnectedness," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 62(2), pages 561-587, August.
    19. Ijaz Hussain, 2017. "Corporate Financial Leverage, Asset Utilization and Nonperforming Loans in Pakistan," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 22(1), pages 37-70, Jan-June.
    20. Yener Altunbas & Michiel van Leuvensteijn & David Marques-Ibanez, 2013. "Competition And Bank Risk: The Role Of Securitization And Bank Capital," Working Papers 13005, Bangor Business School, Prifysgol Bangor University (Cymru / Wales).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Non-performing loans; credit risk; financial development; banking crisis; foreign banks; financial intermediation; banking sector development; efficiency; liquidity; asset quality; bank concentration; banking stability; Sub-saharan Africa; MENA; Europe; Asia-Pacific; Latin America;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E3 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E6 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
    • G1 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets
    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:75964. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.