Corruption entre l'étude microéconomique et l'approche macroéconomique : Problèmatique de la corruption[Corruption between microeconomic study and Macroeconomic approach: Problem of corruption]

The purpose of this article is to study the relationship between the economic sphere and the phenomenon of corruption was also seen by some economists as Leff (1964), Huntington (1968), Him (1985), Beck and Maher (1986) who argue that this relationship is beneficial to the economy because it would improve economic efficiency. We can also examine the creation of Transparency International and the work of Mauro (1995), which form the first empirical estimate for the same query. According to P. Mauro (1995), the harmful nature of corruption on investment and economic growth and hence the essential role played by the state in the development of nations. In this context, we must first of all, to study in more detail the concept of corruption, its definitions and its genesis. Then we try to develop approaches to corruption. For most economists D. Kaufmann et al. (2007), corruption has roots in the content of economic power. Corruption is rooted in the structural weakness of local institutions and the failure of public policy and decision control officials to lute against this social evil. Finally, we focus on the determinants of corruption ie the micro-economic determinants and macroeconomic determinants.