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Human Capital Development and FDI in Developing Countries

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  • Majeed, Muhammad Tariq
  • Ahmad, Eatzaz

Abstract

This paper evaluates the proposition that development of human capital can be instrumental in attracting FDI in developing countries by using fixed effects models on the panel data of 23 selected developing countries and 35 years (1970-2004). For the purpose, we employ two indicators of human capital development that are health expenditures and illiteracy rate and our empirical estimates confirm the efficiency seeking behavior of the MNEs. This study differs from the existing empirical literature-earlier FDI was mainly driven by market seeking motive and latter on by efficiency seeking motive- by finding the importance of both motives at the same time. Excessive government consumption and military expenditures are comparatively more significant, reflecting non-market friendly approaches. The impact of real lending interest rate on FDI is positive because higher lending interest rate in host countries mean MNEs have cost advantages in term of financing by home countries.

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  • Majeed, Muhammad Tariq & Ahmad, Eatzaz, 2008. "Human Capital Development and FDI in Developing Countries," MPRA Paper 57514, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:57514
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    Cited by:

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    2. Teixeira, Aurora A.C. & Tavares-Lehmann, Ana Teresa, 2014. "Human capital intensity in technology-based firms located in Portugal: Does foreign ownership matter?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(4), pages 737-748.
    3. Hidekatsu Asada, 2021. "Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment Inflows to Myanmar," Bulletin of Applied Economics, Risk Market Journals, vol. 8(1), pages 19-28.
    4. Michał Brzozowski, 2013. "Gender Equality as the Determinant of FDI Flows to Central European Countries," Ekonomia journal, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, vol. 33.
    5. Hossain, Saddam & Masih, Mansur, 2018. "Is the relationship between FDI and inflation nonlinear and asymmetric? new evidence from NARDL approach," MPRA Paper 112549, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Akram Masoud Haddad, 2018. "The Impacts of the Inwards and Outwards FDI on the Development Measured By HDI: the Case of United Arab Emirate," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 8(4), pages 301-312.
    7. Chengjuan Xia & Md. Qamruzzaman & Anass Hamadelneel Adow, 2022. "An Asymmetric Nexus: Remittance-Led Human Capital Development in the Top 10 Remittance-Receiving Countries: Are FDI and Gross Capital Formation Critical for a Road to Sustainability?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-24, March.
    8. Rabail Amna Intisar & Muhammad Rizwan Yaseen & Rakhshanda Kousar & Muhammad Usman & Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum, 2020. "Impact of Trade Openness and Human Capital on Economic Growth: A Comparative Investigation of Asian Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-19, April.
    9. Haider Mahmood & Tarek Tawfik Yousef Alkhateeb, 2018. "Foreign Direct Investment, Domestic Investment and Oil Price Nexus in Saudi Arabia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 8(4), pages 147-151.
    10. Amir Rahman & Rafi Farooq & Khalid Ashraf Chisti, 2023. "Linear and non-linear linkage between human capital and foreign direct investment inflows into APEC countries: an evidence from panel data," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 3(7), pages 1-25, July.
    11. Kottaridi, Constantina & Louloudi, Konstantina & Karkalakos, Sotiris, 2019. "Human capital, skills and competencies: Varying effects on inward FDI in the EU context," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 375-390.
    12. Yinka Sabuur Hammed & Omosola Arawomo, 2022. "FDI, Economic Growth and Environmental Quality in the Nigerian Economy: New Evidences from System GMM," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 14(1), pages 50-58.
    13. Dewa Gede Sidan Raeskyesa & Reinardus Adhiputra Suryandaru, 2020. "Competitiveness and FDI Inflows in ASEAN Member Countries," International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research (IJBESAR), Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH), Kavala Campus, Greece, vol. 13(1), pages 14-20, April.
    14. Okafor, Godwin & Piesse, Jenifer & Webster, Allan, 2015. "The motives for inward FDI into Sub-Saharan African countries," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 875-890.
    15. Mohamed Abdouli & Anis Omri, 2021. "Exploring the Nexus Among FDI Inflows, Environmental Quality, Human Capital, and Economic Growth in the Mediterranean Region," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 12(2), pages 788-810, June.
    16. Plaxedes Gochero & Seetanah Boopen, 2020. "The effect of mining foreign direct investment inflow on the economic growth of Zimbabwe," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 9(1), pages 1-17, December.
    17. Mahmood, Haider, 2018. "An Investigation of Macroeconomic Determinants of FDI Inflows in Bangladesh," MPRA Paper 109448, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Majeed, Muhammad Tariq & Khan, Saniya, 2008. "The Determinants of Private Investment and the Relationship between Public and Private Investment in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 49301, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. Zohaib AKHTAR* & Hafiz Muhammad YASIN**, 2015. "Terrorism and Political Instability Implications for Foreign Direct Investment: A Case Study of South and South East Asian Countries," Pakistan Journal of Applied Economics, Applied Economics Research Centre, vol. 25(1), pages 67-98.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Human Capital; Investment; Foreign Investment; and FDI;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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