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Cointegration Models Applied For Portugal’s Energy Consumption, Inward FDI and GDP Series (1980-2007)

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  • Cerdeira Bento, João Paulo

Abstract

This study runs a cointegration analysis on annual data from 1980 to 2007 to investigate the relationship between primary energy consumption, economic growth and net inflows of foreign direct investment with the Engle and Granger method, Stock-Watson dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), the bounds testing approach to cointegration and error correction modelling. The empirical results suggest that there is a stable long run linear cointegration relationship between these three variables. While income has a large and positive influence on energy consumption, the results point to a small but negative effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on energy consumption. As for the short-run relationship among the series, the estimation and inference in the autoregressive distributed lag error correction model (ARDL) further confirm this link. These findings have important policy implications, since the promotion of appropriate structural policies aiming at attracting foreign investment can induce energy conservation without obstructing economic growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Cerdeira Bento, João Paulo, 2012. "Cointegration Models Applied For Portugal’s Energy Consumption, Inward FDI and GDP Series (1980-2007)," MPRA Paper 41619, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:41619
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Energy consumption; Economic growth; Foreign direct investment; Cointegration;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy

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