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Testing the Stability of Demand for Money in Tonga

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  • Kumar, Saten
  • Manoka, Billy

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate if there is a stable demand for money for Tonga. Our empirical results based on the alternative time series approaches of LSE-Hendry's General to Specific (GETS) and Johansen's Maximum Likelihood (JML) show that there is a unique cointegrated and stable long run relationship between real narrow money, real income and nominal rate of interest. We found that the demand for money function for Tonga is stable and therefore targeting money supply by National Reserve Bank of Tonga is appropriate. We obtained consistent results with both methods and they indicate that income elasticity is unity and the interest rate elasticity is well- determined and significant.

Suggested Citation

  • Kumar, Saten & Manoka, Billy, 2008. "Testing the Stability of Demand for Money in Tonga," MPRA Paper 19300, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:19300
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. William Poole, 1969. "Optimal choice of monetary policy instruments in a simple stochastic macro model," Special Studies Papers 2, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    2. Mr. Subramanian S Sriram, 1999. "Survey of Literature on Demand for Money: Theoretical and Empirical Work with Special Reference to Error-Correction Models," IMF Working Papers 1999/064, International Monetary Fund.
    3. Perron, Pierre, 1989. "The Great Crash, the Oil Price Shock, and the Unit Root Hypothesis," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 57(6), pages 1361-1401, November.
    4. Saten Kumar, 2011. "Cointegration and the demand for energy in Fiji," International Journal of Global Energy Issues, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 35(1), pages 85-97.
    5. William Poole, 1970. "Optimal Choice of Monetary Policy Instruments in a Simple Stochastic Macro Model," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 84(2), pages 197-216.
    6. Rao, B. Bhaskara & Kumar, Saten, 2006. "Structural Breaks and the Demand for Money in Fiji," MPRA Paper 1549, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    Cited by:

    1. Muhammad Ahad, 2017. "Financial Development and Money Demand Function: Cointegration, Causality and Variance Decomposition Analysis for Pakistan," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 18(4), pages 811-824, August.
    2. Rup Singh & Saten Kumar, 2010. "Some empirical evidence on the demand for money in the Pacific Island countries," Studies in Economics and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 27(3), pages 211-222, August.
    3. Kumar, Saten & Singh, Rup, 2009. "Some Empirical Evidence on the Demand for Money in the Pacific Island Countries," MPRA Paper 18703, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Kumar, Saten, 2011. "Financial reforms and money demand: Evidence from 20 developing countries," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 323-334, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Demand for Money; Stability of Money Demand Function; General to Specific Approach; Johansen Maximum Likelihood Method;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • E41 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Demand for Money

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