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Main characteristics of Japanese Official Development Assistance (ODA) flows

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  • Furuoka, Fumitaka

Abstract

At the end of the 1990s, the Japanese government distributed annually more than US$10 billion as foreign aid directly or indirectly to developing countries. Japan’s ODA can be divided into the following four groups: 1) Bilateral Grants, 2) Technical Co-operation, 3) Multilateral Aid, and 4) Bilateral Loans. In 2001, Bilateral Grants made up 19.3 percent of Japan’s total ODA budget; Technical Co-operation constituted 29.7 percent; Multilateral Aid and Bilateral Loans accounted for 24.7 percent and 26.3 percent, respectively. There have been criticisms that Japanese ODA loans have been provided mainly for economic infrastructure projects only. In response to these criticisms, the Japanese government claims to have made efforts to channel these loans into various social sectors, such as agricultural projects or rural development.

Suggested Citation

  • Furuoka, Fumitaka, 2009. "Main characteristics of Japanese Official Development Assistance (ODA) flows," MPRA Paper 13598, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:13598
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Furuoka, Fumitaka, 2008. "The Role of Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs) in Japan’s Foreign Aid Policy," MPRA Paper 7418, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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      Keywords

      Foreign Aid; Japan;

      JEL classification:

      • F35 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Aid

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